WEEK: THREE
TOPIC: FOOD NUTRIENTS
SUB-TOPIC: Types, food sources, functions and deficiency symptoms of food nutrients.
CONTENT
Food nutrients are the chemical substances in the food we eat. These are carbohydrates, proteins, fats and oils, minerals, vitamins and water.
| NUTRIENTS | FUNCTIONS | SOURCES | DEFICIENCY DISEASES |
| Carbohydrates | Provides the body with heat and energy for work, surplus is stored as body fat | Yam, cassava, rice, maize, bread e.t.c. | Lack of energy, tiredness. |
| Fats and oils | Provides the body with heat and energy for work, surplus is stored as body fat | Margarine, butter, palm oil, groundnut oil e.t.c | Skin may become rough |
| Proteins | For growth, e.g. in children, adolescents and babies, for building new tissues, for repair of worn out or damaged tissues | Meat, fish, eggs, milk, soya bean, peas, beans e.t.c. | Poor growth and development, general weakness, kwashiorkor. |
| Minerals | For growth e.g. the bones and teeth, for proper working or functioning of the body | Milk, eggs, green vegetables, meat, beans, sea food e.t.c. | Poor functioning of the body e.g weak bones and teeth, tiredness, headache e.t.c. |
| Vitamins | Protects the body from diseases, helps the body use food for energy, growth and repair, important for vitality | Fruits, vegetables, egg yolk, milk, meat, butter, fish, kidney, beans e.t.c. | Body will be easily affected by diseases, weakness and loss of appetite will result, |
| Water | Helps digestion, important for body tissues and fluid such as saliva, blood, urine, sweat. | Fruits, the water we drink, vegetables, beverages e.t.c. | Normal digestion and other body functions will be affected. |
Evaluation:
- What is balanced diet?
- List the food sources, functions and deficiency effects of food nutrients.
Assignment: prepare a balanced meal timetable for your family.