WEEK 7
KINETIC ENERGY
The Kinetic theory of matter assumes that matter is made up of tiny particles such as atoms,molecules and ions that are continually moving and therefore possess kinectic energy.
A British Scientist,Dalton,about 1806AD,expanded the idea of atoms.He made various statement about the nature of atoms.His ideas about atoms are stated below:
1.Matter is made up of minute indivisible particles called atoms.
2.Atoms cannot be created or destroyed.
3.All the atoms of an element are alike and different from the atoms of all other elements.
4.Atoms combine in small whole numbers to form new substances.
All these ideas collectively form Dalton’s atomic theory.Since Dalton’s atomic theory was proposed,scientists have accepted the idea that matter is made up of particles.
Kinetic energy is the energy a body has by virtue of its motion.The kinetic theory of matter assumes that the particles that make up matter have energy,and that these particles are in constant motion.
Assumptions of the kinetic theory
The basic assumptions of the kinetic theory deals with energy due to the movement of particles and it includes:
1.Matter is made up of tiny indivisible particles that are in constant motion and therefore possess kinetic energy.
2.Increase in heat supply or increase in temperature,causes increase in the motion of the particles and thus , increase in average kinetic energy of the particles.
3.Increase in kinetic energy of the particles due to increase in heat supply brings about change in state viz solid,liquid and gas.
EVALUATION
1.State the Kinetic theory of Matter.
2.What are the assumptions of the kinetic theory of matter?