Week 4 and Five – Jss 3 Third Term Home Economics Notes

WEEK4: CHILD CARE [CONTD]
LAUNDERING BABY’S CLOTHES.
It is very important to launder baby’s clothes for the following reasons:

• Laundered clothes last longer.
• Laundered clothes make babies neat and attractive.
• They make babies comfortable. STEPS IN LAUNDERING BABY’S CLOTHES.

1. Remove the stains according to type.
2. Follow the laundry process i.e. sorting, sorting, washing, rinsing.

COMMON AILMENTS IN CHILDREN.

1. DIARROHOEA:
   this is an illness in which waste matter is emptied from the bowels much more frequently than normal and it is in liquid form.

   CAUSES                                    
   

   1. If food not suitable for the child.
   2. If the child was fed more than needed.
   3. Infection
   4. Food poisoning

      TREATMENT
      

• After each stool give oral rehydration therapy [ORT].

  TO PREPARE ORT
  

1. 1 level of teaspoon of salt.
   
2. 10 level of teaspoon of sugar.
3. Half a liter of water [1 beer bottle or 2 Fanta bottles.

   See doctor if the diarrhea persists.

1. CONSTIPATION: at a certain stage in development, a child will form a pattern for bowel movement and a change in pattern may cause constipation. A constipated child will start passing hard stool or not pass any at all. This is common in artificially fed babies.

   TREATMENT
   

   1. The child should be given an enough clean water to drink.
      
   2. Glucose, sugar or honey should be added to his food.
      
   3. Fruit juice can be given to him e.g. oranges, pineapples, bananas, etc.
      
   4. In serious cases, child should be taken to the hospital.
      

1. COLIC: this is as a result of cramps in the intestines of a baby. It makes the baby uncomfortable and is painful. This makes the baby cry hard. Babies between the first 3-4 months are more affected by this condition after this time.
   

IMMUNISATION
Immunization is administered to protect the children from 0-2 year’s old and expectant mothers against diseases. The main purpose is to reduce the mortality rate resulting from the following diseases:

1. Diphtheria
2. Tetanus
3. Whooping cough.
4. Polio
5. Small pox
6. Measles
7. Tuberculosis

    

 EVALUATION: state the common ailments and their causes on children

 WEEK 5: CHILD DEVELOPMENT

 
 Growth is an increase in the physical size of the whole body or any of its part. A child grows in size height and weight. Development is an increase in skills. It starts from the head and spread to the other parts of the body. A child that is progressing in steps taken mentally and physically is said to be developing.
TYPES OF CHILD DEVELOPMENT
There are four types of development

1. Physical development
2. Mental development
3. Social development
4. Emotional development

1. Physical development: this development involves the physical structure and their functions which affects the other aspects of its development e.g. a child brain has to develop physically first before it can develop mentally.
2. Mental development: it is the development of intellectual abilities, it involves the ability to think, understand and solve problems etc.
3. Social development: it involves the development of behavior that is acceptable to the society, acceptable roles and social attitudes.
4. Emotional development: this has to do which how a child feels and this is noticeable in an infant when it is expressed through smiling, crying or frowning etc. parents will do well to provide for the emotional needs of their children in the area of giving attention support and love.

FATORS THAT INFLUENCE CHILD DEVELOPMENT:
The development of a child is influenced majorly by two factors, namely; HEREDITARY AND ENVIRONMENT
Hereditary it is the genetic transmission of characteristics traits from parents to offspring while Environmental factors deals with the external influence which combines the condition, circumstances and surroundings affecting the development negatively or positively.
CONDITIONS NECESSARY FOR CHILD DEVELOPMENT.
For a child to grow normally, the following conditions are necessary:

1. Safety
2. Available space for exercise
3. Good sleeping habit
4. Food
5. Clothes

   EVALUATION: a) differentiate between development and growth.
   b) Explain how heredity and environment influence child development.
   ASSIGNMENT: in a tabular form state the developmental changes of a child from age 0- 6 months.
   
    REVISION&EXAMINATION.