P.6 SST LESSON NOTES – TOPIC SEVEN (7) NATIONALISM AND THE ROAD TO INDEPENDENCE OF AFRICAN COUNTRIES

Vocabulary:

–
Nationalism

• Nationalist
• Patriotism
• Patriot 
  Pan – Africanist 
  Independence.

a. Nationalism / Patriotism

• Nationalism is one’s love for his / her country
• Nationalism refers to one’s love / desire to develop his/ her country economically, socially and politically.

b. Nationalist/ Patriot


The person with great love for his/ her country

a. Pan – Africanism

• The movement that was started to promote the rights and welfare of Africans in and outside Africa.
• The movement that was started to promote the wealth and welfare of Africans in and outside Africa.
• The movement of people that believed in brotherhood and sisterhood of Africans.

b.
Pan – Africanist


A person with great love for Africa as a whole

c.
Independence


The total freedom from colonial rule 
The total freedom from external influence.

Practicing Nationalism

How is nationalism practiced/ promoted at;

a)
Home

• -By caring and protecting family members 
  -Obeying family rules and regulation.
• -Respecting, protecting and preserving family property.

b) Schools


Singing the National Anthem 
Singing the school anthem

c) Country

• By singing the National Anthem
• By participating in national elections
• By working hard to bring social, economic and political development 
  By preserving and promoting culture.

NOTE: All Ugandans who died for the good of their country (Uganda) are known as Heroes.

–
Heroes’ day is celebrated on 9^th June every year Uganda.

Why Heroes day is celebrated every year in Uganda

• To remember the people who died for the good of Uganda.
• To recognize Ugandans who have contributed to her social, economic and political development.

Examples of African nationalists

Methods used by African Nationalists to demand for independence.

a)
Peaceful methods

• Forming political parties
• Forming political rallies
• Forming boycotts –
• seeking support from major world organizations 
  Forming trade unions

c) Violent methods

• Forming rebellions/ staging them
• Forming strikes and riots
• Forming liberation movement 
  Forming demonstrations
• Organizing armed struggles.

Problems faced by African nationalists

• Some political parties were banned.
• Some African Nationalists were imprisoned e.g. Nelson Mandela, Jomo Kenyatta, Harry Thuku etc.
• Some African Nationalists were killed e.g. Ronald, Patrice Lumumba and Edward Mondlane.
• Some African nationalists were exiled, e.g. Kabaka Mwanga, Omukama Kabalega, Edward Mutesa II.
• Some African nationalists were intimidated.
• Some African nationalists were oppressed and suppressed.
• Harsh laws were imposed on African nationalists.
• Some African nationalists lost their property.
• The movement of Africans was controlled, regulated or minimized. Reasons why Africans demanded for independence

a. Economic reasons,

• To regain their lost land
• To regain their independence
• To bring an end to forced labor
• To control national resources
• To bring an end to exploitation of resources.

b. Social reasons.

• To bring an end to over taxation
• To revive African culture
• To stop oppression
• To regain African dignity and respect
• To ensure human equality 
  To end segregation

c. Political reasons

• To rule themselves.
• To make their own laws
  
• To regain their lost authority
  
• To have freedom of movement and expression.
  

Reasons why Africans’ resistance was defeated

• Africans were not united
• Africans had inferior weapons
• Africans had weak armies
• Africans betrayed their fellow Africans by collaborating

   

  Activity

1.
Give the meaning of the following words.

1. Nationalism
2. Pan-Africanism
3. Independence

1. State two ways Africans demanded for independence peacefully.
2. Suggest any two reasons for Africans’ demand for independence.
3. Mention two problems nationalists faced in the struggle for independence.