{"id":3171,"date":"2023-10-04T12:29:44","date_gmt":"2023-10-04T12:29:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/ecole9ja\/?p=3171"},"modified":"2023-10-04T12:48:43","modified_gmt":"2023-10-04T12:48:43","slug":"week-7-and-8-ss2-second-term-geography-notes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ecolebooks.com\/nigeria\/posts\/week-7-and-8-ss2-second-term-geography-notes\/","title":{"rendered":"Week 7 and 8 – SS2 Second Term Geography Notes"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00a0WEEK SEVEN AND EIGHT
\n<\/strong>TOPIC: WORLD POPULATION
\n<\/strong>Population is defined as the number of people living in an area at a particular time.
\nIn terms of countries, China is the most populous country, followed by India, United States, Indonesia etc. In Africa, Nigeria is the most populous country with approximate population of over 160million people.<\/p>\n

\u00a0POPULATION CONCEPTS
\n<\/strong>(a)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0OVER POPULATION<\/strong>: Over-population exists when the given population of a country is considered too large for the available resources for people to enjoy the highest possible standard of living.
\n(b)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0UNDER POPULATION<\/strong>: This is the type of population that is less than the available resources of a country. This means that given the existing technology of such a country; her population is considered too small to fully utilize the available resources.
\n(c)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0OPTIMUM POPULATION<\/strong>: This is the best type of population concept because the number of people is adequately enough to fully maximize the available resources of the country to attain the highest possible standard of living.
\n(d)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0POPULATION DENSITY<\/strong>: This is defined as the number of persons per unit area of land or per square kilometer of land.
\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Mathematically,
\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Population density = Total Population
\n\t\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Land Area<\/p>\n

\u00a0
\n\u00a0
\n\u00a0FACTORS OF POPULATION GROWTH
\n<\/strong>Factors responsible for world population growth can be classified broadly into physical and
\nhuman factors.
\n(a)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Physical Factors:
\n<\/strong>(1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Climate: Favourable climate of Europe, USA and China attracts high population while harsh climate of polar and desert regions do not attract population.
\n(2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Availability of good portable water for human and agricultural purposes e.g. USA, India, Java (Indonesia) etc.
\n(3)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Relief e.g. Lowlands and river valleys like the Nile delta, Indus, and Ganges delta (India) attract high population while high mountains and rugged hills like the Rockies, Andes etc do not attract population.
\n(4)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Soil: Fertile soil tends to attract population.
\n(5)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Presence of mineral resources e.g. Coal, Petroleum, iron ore.<\/p>\n

\u00a0(b)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Human Factors:
\n<\/strong>(1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Agriculture e.g. Java, China and India practice intensive agriculture hence have high population.
\n(2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Religious beliefs: e.g. The Islamic religion believes in polygamy and early marriages. These encourage high population in areas where they are practiced.
\n(3)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Industry e.g. Industrial regions like pittsburg in USA,Ruhr in Germany tend to attract high population.
\n(4)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Immigration: The movement of people into countries like USA, Canada and some European countries due to opportunities of employment tend to increase population in these areas.
\n(5)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Good Transportation Network
\n(6)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Improved Social Facilities like pipe-borne water, electricity etc and improved medical care attract high population.<\/p>\n

\u00a0EVALUATION
\n<\/strong>1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Briefly explain the following population concepts:
\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(a) over population\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(b) under population\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(c) optimum population
\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Mention any three factors responsible for high population growth.<\/p>\n

\u00a0PATTERN OF WORLD POPULATION DISTRIBUTION
\n<\/strong>World population is not evenly distributed, some areas are densely or moderately
\npopulated while others are sparsely populated.
\n(a)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The very densely populated parts of the World: These include:
\n(i)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Industrial North: Countries here include Great Britain, France, Germany, Denmark, Belgium etc. These areas are highly industrialized due to the presence of coal and iron.
\n(ii)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Industrial North-Eastern USA: This is the great industrial belt of the United States and Canada stretching from the share of the great lakes through pittsburg to New York which is very rich in coal and Iron ore.
\n(iii)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Agricultural Monsoon Asia: This includes the populous countries like China, India, Japan, Pakistan, Indonesia (Particularly, Java) etc. This area has fertile soil, warm climate and abundant rainfall which promote agriculture.
\n(b)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The moderately populated parts of the world: These areas include the cool temperate forest of Europe, Canada and Asia, agricultural USA, Mediterranean Europe, Africa, most parts of South East Asia etc.
\n(c)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The very sparsely populated parts of the world.
\nThese include:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n
    The cold polar lands of Arctic and Antarctica (very cold areas).\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  2. \n
    The Canadian and Eurasian tundra and Greenland (also very cold).\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  3. \n
    The high mountains of Himalayas, Rockies and parts of Andes due to rugged topography and cold weather.\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  4. \n
    The hot deserts of the world like the Kalahari, Atacama and Sahara deserts (due to hot weather and lack of rainfall).\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  5. \n
    The dense tropical rain forest like the Amazon basin (South America), Congo basin (Zaire).\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u00a0PROBLEMS (DISADVANTAGES) OF HIGH POPULATION DENSITIES: <\/strong>The following problems are associated with high population growth in USA, Java, India, Japan etc.
    \n\t\t\t<\/strong>(1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Pressure on natural resources such as Land, water and forest.
    \n(2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Increase in crime rate.
    \n(3)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Insufficient food.
    \n(4)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Unemployment and under employment.
    \n(5)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Inadequate housing.
    \n(6)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Traffic Congestion.
    \n(7)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Environmental pollution.
    \n(8)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Pressure on social amenities like pipe borne water, electricity etc.
    \n(9)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Inadequate health services.
    \n(10)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Development of slums and ghettos.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0SOLUTIONS TO WORLD POPULATION PROBLEMS
    \n<\/strong>The following are some of the ways world population problems can be solved:
    \n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Family Planning measures to control the high birth rate especially in developing countries.
    \n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Discouraging early marriages.
    \n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Monogamy and other measures that cut down high birth rate should be encouraged.
    \n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Provision of gainful employment for women: This is to occupy them with gainful ventures rather than continousbreeding of children.
    \n5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Sex education should be taught consistently in schools and mass media to enlighten the people.
    \n6.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Encouragement of emigration.
    \n7. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Stiffening immigration laws.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0GENERAL EVALUATION
    \n<\/strong>1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Mention three areas in the world where population is very high.
    \n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Give any two physical factors and two human factors that are responsible for high population in the world.
    \n3. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Mention the advantages of high population.
    \n4. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0What are the disadvantages of high population?
    \n5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0State the disadvantages of low population.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0READING ASSIGNMENT
    \n<\/strong>Essential Geography, pages 185-188.
    \n\t\t\t<\/strong>
    \n\u00a0WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT
    \n<\/strong>1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The most populous country in the world is ____
    \n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(a) Nigeria\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(b) Indonesia\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (c) China
    \n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The best type of population concept is _______population.
    \n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(a) under\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(b) optimum\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (c) over
    \n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0One of these cannot reduce world population?
    \n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(a) polygamy\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(b) monogamy\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(c) celibacy
    \n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The major reason for the high population density in India is the _______
    \n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(a) presence of Iron ore in the Ganges \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (b) Early marriages in the Ganges delta (c) India is the seat of civilization for Hindus religion
    \n5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0One of these areas is sparsely populated ___________
    \n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(a) The Rurh region of Germany\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(b) The Pittsburgh region of North-East USA
    \n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(C) The Amazon basin of South America<\/p>\n

    \u00a0THEORY
    \n<\/strong>1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Briefly explain any two factors responsible for world population growth.
    \n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Outline any six problems associated with high population densities of the world.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0
    \n\t\t\t<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u00a0WEEK SEVEN AND EIGHT TOPIC: WORLD POPULATION Population is defined as the number of people…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,254],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3171","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-posts","category-second-term-ss2-geography"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ecolebooks.com\/nigeria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3171","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ecolebooks.com\/nigeria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ecolebooks.com\/nigeria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ecolebooks.com\/nigeria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ecolebooks.com\/nigeria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3171"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ecolebooks.com\/nigeria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3171\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3172,"href":"https:\/\/ecolebooks.com\/nigeria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3171\/revisions\/3172"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ecolebooks.com\/nigeria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3171"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ecolebooks.com\/nigeria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3171"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ecolebooks.com\/nigeria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3171"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}