{"id":2618,"date":"2023-10-03T10:58:49","date_gmt":"2023-10-03T10:58:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/ecole9ja\/?p=2618"},"modified":"2023-10-03T11:01:59","modified_gmt":"2023-10-03T11:01:59","slug":"week-6-ss1-third-term-geography-notes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ecolebooks.com\/nigeria\/posts\/week-6-ss1-third-term-geography-notes\/","title":{"rendered":"Week 6 – SS1 Third Term Geography Notes"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00a0WEEK SIX
\n<\/strong>NIGERIA: TRANSPORTATION AND INDUSTRY
\n<\/strong>TRANSPORTATION IN NIGERIA
\n<\/strong>Transportation is defined as the movement of people, goods and commodities from one place to another either by land, water or by air.
\n\t\t<\/strong>
\n\u00a0TYPES OF TRANSPORTATION
\n<\/strong>A.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0LAND TRANSPORT:<\/strong> This is the movement of people and goods from one place to another by land. Means of transportation by land include:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u00a0Human portage:<\/strong> This involves the use of human legs for movement i.e. trekking. This is basically applicable where the distance is not much.<\/p>\n

\u00a0Animal portage:<\/strong> This involves the use of certain animals like horse, donkey, camel, etc for movement. This is very common in the northern part of Nigeria.<\/p>\n

\u00a0Road transport: <\/strong>This involves the use of motor cars, buses, motor cycles, Lorries and trucks for movement.<\/p>\n

\u00a0In Nigeria, there are 3 types of roads:
\n<\/strong>(i)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Trunk A Road:<\/strong> These are roads constructed and maintained by the federal government. They are dual carriage or express roads linking federal and State capitals. E.g. Lagos \u2013 Ibadan, Warri \u2013 Benin, Onitsha \u2013 Enugu, Kaduna \u2013 Zaria express road.
\n(ii)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Trunk B Roads: <\/strong>Are roads constructed and maintained by the state government. They link different areas within a state. E.g. Ikeja \u2013 Ojota, Ogba \u2013 Oshodi, Mile 2 \u2013 Badagry, etc.
\n(iii)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Trunk C<\/strong>
\n\t\t(local) roads:<\/strong> are roads constructed and maintained by the local government. In most cases, these roads are not tarred.<\/p>\n

\u00a0Advantages of Road transportation<\/strong>
\n\t(1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0It is the most common means of transportation.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0
\n(2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0It provides door- to- door services.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0
\n(3)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0It makes goods available where they are scarce.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0
\n(4)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0It feeds water, rail and air transportation.<\/p>\n

\u00a0Disadvantages of Road Transportation<\/strong>
\n\t(1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Roads are very expensive to construct and maintain.
\n(2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Road is difficult to construct especially in the rainy season.
\n(3)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Amount of goods and passengers carried by road is limited.
\n(4)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Roads are more prone to accident than any other means of transportation
\n(5)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0They require adequate maintenance on a daily basis.
\nLimitations of Road Transportation
\n<\/strong>(1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Presence of high lands and other rugged relief.
\n(2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Presence of swampy areas.
\n(3)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Soil erosion caused by heavy rain.
\n(4)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Lack of finance to construct and maintain the roads.<\/p>\n

\u00a0Solutions
\n<\/strong>(1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Roads should be constructed on lowlands, passes or gaps around mountain areas.(2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Construction of flyovers in marshy areas.
\n(3)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Construction of bridges across rivers.
\n(4)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Fund should be provided for road maintenance.<\/p>\n

\u00a0Rail Transport<\/strong>: This is transportation by rail i.e the use of Trains. Nigeria uses mostly narrow gauge railway lines.<\/p>\n

\u00a0Advantages of Rail Transport
\n<\/strong>(1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0It is most convenient means of transporting bulky goods.
\n(2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0It is cheap.
\n(3) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0It can move people and goods over a very long distance.
\n(4)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0It helps to open up new lands.<\/p>\n

\u00a0Disadvantages of Rail Transport
\n<\/strong>(1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0It involves high cost of construction and maintenance.
\n(2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0It is very slow (the slowest), and therefore not suitable for transporting perishable goods.
\n(3)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Constant stopping in each station and changing of passengers waste a lot of time.
\n(4)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0It depends on roads to feed it with passengers.<\/p>\n

\u00a0Limitations of Rail Transport
\n<\/strong>(1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Rail transport is too slow.
\n(2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0It has very low patronage and high competition with other forms of transport.
\n(3)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Lack of spare parts, narrow gauge with single tracks.
\n(4)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Inadequate funding.
\n(5)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Lack of technical know-how.<\/p>\n

\u00a0Solutions
\n<\/strong>(1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Modern rail system with wide gauges and multiple tracks should be developed.
\n(2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0People should be trained on rail maintenance.
\n(3)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Rail transport should be properly funded.
\n(4)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Spare parts should be made available.
\n(5)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Railway fare should be cheap to attract passengers<\/p>\n

\u00a0EVALUATION<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n
    Mention the types of transport.\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  2. \n
    State the different types of road transport.\n<\/div>\n

    \u00a0B.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0AIR TRANSPORT<\/strong>: This is movement of people, goods and services from one place to another by air. It involves the use of airplanes, helicopters, jets and rockets. We have 2 types of Airports. (i) International Airport and (ii) Local \/ Domestic Airports.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0International Airports are airports where planes that fly outside the country can take off or land e.g. Muritala Mohammed International Airport (Lagos), Abuja International Airport (Abuja), Port Harcourt International Airport (PH).<\/p>\n

    \u00a0Domestic (Local) Airports on the other hand are airports where planes that fly within the country i.e. from one state to another can take \u2013 off or land. <\/p>\n

    \u00a0Advantages of air transport<\/strong>
    \n\t\t\t(1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0It is the fastest means of transport.
    \n(2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0It uses direct route.
    \n(3)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0It can reach anywhere provided there are landing facilities.
    \n(4)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Airplanes can cross mountain, dense forest and large ocean with ease and great speed.
    \n(5)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Urgently required Medicare supplies, machine parts, express mails, etc are easily dispatched by air planes.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0Disadvantages of air transport
    \n<\/strong>(1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0It is expensive to operate and maintain, especially the aircraft and airport facilities.
    \n(2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0It is very expensive (the most expensive).
    \n(3)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0It is easily affected by bad weather, which makes visibility very poor.
    \n(4)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0There is problem of safety as incidence of plane crashing and hijacking is becoming very common.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0Limitations of air transport<\/strong>
    \n\t\t\t(1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0There is limited capital to construct airport
    \n(2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0There is problem of inadequate spare parts.
    \n(3)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Weather hazards.
    \n(4)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0There is problem of low patronage due to its expensive nature.
    \n(5)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0There is also the problem of poor management and inadequate security.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0Solutions<\/strong>
    \n\t\t\t(1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Loans should be sourced for the proper maintenance of airports and airplanes.
    \n(2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Spare parts should be procured.
    \n(3)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Efficient management should be adapted.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0EVALUATION<\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n

  3. \n
    State the advantages of air transport.\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  4. \n
    What are the factors limiting the use of air transport?\n<\/div>\n

    \u00a0C\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0WATER TRANSPORT: <\/strong>This is the movement of people, goods and services by water.
    \nWater transport is divided into 2 parts
    \n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(i)
    \n\t\t\t\t<\/strong>Ocean navigation
    \n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(ii) Inland water navigation.
    \nOcean navigation involves transportation by water between Nigeria other countries using the Oceans especially along the coast line, while inland water navigation involves navigation along the creeks, lakes, lagoons and rivers in Nigeria.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0Advantages of water transport <\/strong>
    \n\t\t\t(1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0It is the cheapest means of transport between countries.
    \n(2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The ocean is free for all Nation to use.
    \n(3)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0It is used to move bulky goods from one country to another during international trade.
    \n(4)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Cost of construction and maintenance is low and only restricted to ships and ports.
    \n(5)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0It is good for transporting goods over a long distance.
    \n(6)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0It is relatively safe.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0Disadvantages of water transport
    \n<\/strong>(1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0It is the slowest means of transportation when compared to Air and Land transport.
    \n(2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Cost of acquiring a ship is very high.
    \n(3)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Cost of ship parts, construction and maintenance is high.
    \n(4)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Lack of technical know-how<\/p>\n

    \u00a0Limitations of water transportation
    \n<\/strong>(1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Presence of waterfalls, rapids and cataracts limit the use of rivers.
    \n(2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Presence of floating vegetation.
    \n(3)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0It is only useful in countries with coastlines and parts as against landlocked countries with no oceans or seas
    \n(4)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Seasonality of most rivers is a problem.
    \n(5)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Shallowness of most rivers is also a problem.
    \n(6)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0There is also problem of sea sickness.
    \n(7)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Limited capital to construct seaports<\/p>\n

    \u00a0Solutions<\/strong>
    \n\t\t\t(1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Rivers should be dredged regularly
    \n(2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Loans should be granted to construct and maintain seaports.
    \n(3)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Medical facilities on board should be improved.
    \n(4)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Construction of canals to bypass waterfall and cataracts.
    \nCONTRIBUTIONS OF TRANSPORTATION TO THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF NIGERIA
    \n<\/strong>(1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Movement of goods and services.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Movement of people.
    \n(3)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Specific purposes e.g. Air transport could be used for survey.
    \n(4)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0National and International trade.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(5)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Opening up of new land and areas.
    \n(6)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0National integration.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(7)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Development of tourism.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0
    \n(8)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Employment.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(9)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Generation of revenue.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0PROBLEMS OF TRANSPORTATION
    \n<\/strong>A<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Physical factors
    \n<\/strong>–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Presence of highlands\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Distance i.e. long distance
    \n–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Presence of marshy areas\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Presence of many rivers
    \n–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Soil erosion\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Poor visibility<\/p>\n

    \u00a0B.<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Human factors<\/strong>
    \n\t\t\t–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Lack of capital\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Lack of technical know-how
    \n–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Low patronage\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Bad roads<\/p>\n

    \u00a0EVALUATION<\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n

  5. \n
    Describe water transportation in Nigeria.\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  6. \n
    State the disadvantages of this mode of transport.\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  7. \n
    What are the problems facing transportation in Nigeria?\n<\/div>\n

    \u00a0INDUSTRIES IN NIGERIA\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0
    \n<\/strong>Manufacturing industry is defined as the industry that is involved in the turning of raw materials into new products by mechanical or chemical process at home or in the factory.
    \n\t\t\t\t<\/strong>
    \n\u00a0CHARACTERISTIC OF MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
    \n<\/strong>1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Most Nigeria industries rely on imported skilled labour from foreign countries.
    \n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Most industries also depend on foreign countries for their raw materials.
    \n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Industries are concentrated in few locations, especially in urban centres.
    \n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Most manufacturing industries are mainly light industries.
    \n5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0They are labour intensive i.e. require large labour.
    \n6.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Their produce is mainly consumed in the local market.
    \n7.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0They are largely small scale.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0CLASSIFICATION OF MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
    \n<\/strong>Manufacturing industries can be grouped into 3 namely:
    \nA.<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Light Industries<\/strong>
    \n\t\t\t–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0They produce relatively light weight goods such as matches, television sets, electric \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0fans, books, etc.
    \n–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0They employ mainly the services of women.
    \n–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0They produce final or consumable goods.
    \nB.<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Consumer Goods Industries<\/strong>
    \n\t\t\t–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0They turn raw materials into consumable goods.
    \n–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0They are normally located in cities.
    \nC<\/strong>.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Heavy Industries
    \n<\/strong>–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0They produce heavy or bulky goods.
    \n–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0They employ the services of mainly males.
    \n–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Examples include metallurgical industries, petroleum industries and ship building industries.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0Industries can also be classified into primary, secondary and tertiary industries based on
    \ntheir functions.
    \nA.<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Primary Industries<\/strong>
    \n\t\t\t–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0They are concerned with the extraction of raw materials provided by nature.
    \n–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0They are also known as extractive industries.
    \n–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Examples include mining, fishing, lumbering, farming and livestock production.
    \nB.<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Secondary Industries
    \n<\/strong>–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0They are concerned with the turning of raw materials into finishing goods.
    \n–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Examples include construction, building, chemical industries, etc.
    \nC.<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Tertiary Industries<\/strong>
    \n\t\t\t–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0They are concerned with the rendering of services.
    \n–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The service could be direct e.g. trading, banking, teaching, medical, etc
    \n–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The service could be indirect e.g. police, custom, soldiers, etc<\/p>\n

    \u00a0FACTORS AFFECTING LOCATION OF INDUSTRIES
    \n<\/strong>1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Proximity of source of raw materials.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Nearness to market.
    \n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Nearness to sources of power.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a04.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Availability of labour.
    \n5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Availability of capital.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a06.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Adequate transport network.
    \n7.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Government policies.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a08.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Political stability.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0REASONS WHY MOST MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES ARE SITED IN URBAN AREAS
    \n<\/strong>1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Large market\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Availability of labour
    \n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Good transport network\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a04.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Nearness to seaports and airports
    \n5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Availability of finance \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a06.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Presence of infrastructure facilities.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0LOCALIZATION OF INDUSTRIES
    \n<\/strong>This refers to the sitting of industries in a particular area i.e. the concentration of industries in one area.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0Advantages of concentration of Industries
    \n<\/strong>1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0It leads to inter-dependence of industries
    \n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0It creates employment opportunities
    \n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0It aids mobility of labour
    \n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0It leads to the provision of social
    \n5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0It encourages healthy competition among industries
    \n6.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0It leads to the development of organized market e.g. cooperative societies
    \n7.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0It leads to attraction of subsidiary industries in the area
    \n8.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0It leads to inventions and innovations due to competition among industries.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0Disadvantages of concentration of Industries
    \n<\/strong>1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0It leads to congestion in traffic, industries and housing
    \n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0It can lead to shortage of amenities
    \n3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0It can escalate crime rate like armed robbery, car snatching, etc
    \n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0It can cause environmental pollution due to the presence of many industries.
    \n5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The area is made the target of attack during war time.
    \n6.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0It encourages rural-urban migration.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0EVALUATION<\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n

  8. \n
    What is an industry?\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  9. \n
    Explain the different types of manufacturing industries in Nigeria.\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  10. \n
    State the advantages of concentration of industries.\n<\/div>\n

    \u00a0CONTRIBUTIONS OF INDUSTRIAL SECTOR TO ECONOMIC DEVELOMENT
    \n<\/strong>1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Provision of employment opportunities\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Increase in Gross National Product \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(GNP)
    \n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Infrastructural development\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a04.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Man power development
    \n5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Funding of education and Research\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a06.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Improvement of trade balance\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0
    \n7.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Stimulation of other sectors.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0PROBLEMS OF MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES<\/strong>
    \n\t\t\t1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Shortage of raw materials\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Insufficient capital
    \n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0High degree of foreign dependence\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a04.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Poor quality of industrial \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0labour\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0
    \n5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Political instability \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a06.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Poor management\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0
    \n7.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Competition from foreign goods\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a08.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Inadequate power supply<\/p>\n

    \u00a0SOLUTIONS TO INDUSTRIAL PROBLEMS
    \n<\/strong>1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Acquisition of skills\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Good government policies
    \n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Active government participation\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a04.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Incentives to local industries
    \n5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Provision of transport facilities\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a06.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Creation of industrial zones
    \n7.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Stable government.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0LOCAL CRAFT (COTTAGE) INDUSTRIES IN NIGERIA
    \n<\/strong>Local craft or cottage industries are those industries that depend mainly on raw materials obtained from their immediate locality. They use simple tools and their work is of high artistic quality. They include:
    \n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Leather works e.g. sandals, cushions, handbags, etc. They mostly found in Kano, \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Bida and Sokoto.
    \n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Wood carving: This is done in Ikot Ekpene, Uyo, Oyo, Benin city, etc
    \n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Pottery and glass making: These are done in Ikot Ekpene, Bida, Ilorin and Calabar.
    \n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Ropes and mat making: These are done in Ikot Ekpene, Warri, and Kano.
    \n5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Brass and silver works: These are done in Bida, Benin and Kano
    \n6.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Textile\/cloth weaving: These are done in Akwette, Okene, Kano, and Iseyin<\/p>\n

    \u00a0MODERN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES IN NIGERIA
    \n<\/strong>A<\/strong>.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Western Industrial Zone: Include Lagos, Ibadan, Sango Ota, Abeokuta, Epe, \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Apapa, Ewekoro, Oshogbo etc.
    \nB.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>The South-East Industrial Zone: Include Nkalagu, Onitsha, Port Harcourt, Enugu, Aba, Owerri, Calabar, etc.
    \nC.<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The North-Central Industrial Zone: Include Kano, Kaduna, Jos, Zaria, etc.
    \nD.<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The Mid-Western Industrial Zone: Include Warri, Benin, Sapele, Ughelli, etc.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0GENERAL EVALUATION QUESTIONS<\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n

  11. \n
    What is transportation?\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  12. \n
    State the mode of transportation.\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  13. \n
    Which transport mode is considered the cheapest?\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  14. \n
    State the advantages of land transport.\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  15. \n
    Explain the classification of manufacturing industries in Nigeria.\n<\/div>\n

    \u00a0READING ASSIGNMENT
    \n<\/strong>Essential Geography, O.A. Iwena Pages 277-282.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT
    \n<\/strong>(1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The cheapest means of transportation is (a) Air (b) water (c) Rail (d) Road
    \n(2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The best way to get an urgent Medicare service internationally is by (a) water transport\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0
    \n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(b) Road transport (c) Air transport (d) Rail transport
    \n(3)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The safest means of moving goods and passengers from one country to another is by ________ transport (a) Air (b) Road (c) Rail (d) water
    \n(4)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The means of transport that is more prone to accident is (a) water (b) air (c) road \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(d) rail
    \n(5)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0One advantage of inland water-ways is that (a) they are flexible (b) they are fast (c) goods are \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0transported cheaply (d) it is affected by seasonality<\/p>\n

    \u00a0THEORY
    \n<\/strong>1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0On an outline map of Nigeria, locate and name, (i) Two international airports (ii) Two
    \n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0domestic airports
    \n2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0State four reasons why most manufacturing industries are sited in cities.
    \n
    \n\t\t\t\t<\/strong>\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u00a0WEEK SIX NIGERIA: TRANSPORTATION AND INDUSTRY TRANSPORTATION IN NIGERIA Transportation is defined as the movement…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,217],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2618","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-posts","category-third-term-ss1-geography"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ecolebooks.com\/nigeria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2618","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ecolebooks.com\/nigeria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ecolebooks.com\/nigeria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ecolebooks.com\/nigeria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ecolebooks.com\/nigeria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2618"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ecolebooks.com\/nigeria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2618\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2619,"href":"https:\/\/ecolebooks.com\/nigeria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2618\/revisions\/2619"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ecolebooks.com\/nigeria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2618"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ecolebooks.com\/nigeria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2618"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ecolebooks.com\/nigeria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2618"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}