{"id":2070,"date":"2023-10-02T08:53:30","date_gmt":"2023-10-02T08:53:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/ecole9ja\/?p=2070"},"modified":"2023-10-02T08:54:06","modified_gmt":"2023-10-02T08:54:06","slug":"week-10-and-11-ss1-first-term-food-and-nutrition-notes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ecolebooks.com\/nigeria\/posts\/week-10-and-11-ss1-first-term-food-and-nutrition-notes\/","title":{"rendered":"Week 10 and 11 – SS1 First Term Food and Nutrition Notes"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00a0
\n\u00a0WEEK 10
\nTHE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
\nThe food taken into our mouth requires some kind of alteration before they can be absorbed into the blood stream.
\nDigestion is the process by which food molecules are broken down into various small substances that can be absorbed into the blood stream and assimilated into the cells for utilization. Digestion is mainly a chemical process brought about by the action of many enzymes.
\nThe whole process of digestion takes place in the ALIMENTARY CANAL, which takes place in four major sections that is, the mouth, stomach, duodenum and small intestine.
\nThe mouth: In the mouth, the food is mixed and softened with the saliva secreted by many enzymes and masticated and crushed into smaller particles by the teeth. Saliva contains mucin which lubricates the food and makes swallowing easier, it also provides an alkaline medium necessary for the action of ptyalin, an enzyme.
\nThe stomach contains gastric juice which is acidic due to the presence o of hydrochloric acid [HCL].The hydrochloric acid performs three major functions viz:Stops the action of ptyalin from the mouth.
\n2.provides the acidic medium necessary for the action of rennin and pepsin in the stomach.
\n3.Destroys any bacteria that might have accompanied the food from the mouth.
\nFrom the stomach, the product of digestion are passed into the duodenum. The pancreatic juice from the pancreas is secreted into the duodenum and the bile from the liver are emptied into the duodenum through the bile duct. The bile does not contain any enzyme rather it emulsifies the fats or oils present in the chime.
\nThe pancreatic juice on the other hand contains carbohydrate, protein, and fat splitting enzymes.
\nAmylase– converts starch to maltose
\nTrypsin– converts protein to peptides and peptones.
\nLipase–converts fats to fatty acid glycerol.<\/p>\n

\u00a0
\n\u00a0
\n\u00a0
\n\u00a0
\n\u00a0
\n\u00a0
\n\u00a0
\n\u00a0
\n\u00a0
\n\u00a0
\n\u00a0
\n\u00a0
\n\u00a0WEEK 11
\nABSORPTION<\/strong>
\n\t\tThe process by which the end products of digestion pass through the lining of the digestive tract is called absorption. Absorption takes place through the inner lining of the small intestine called villi. the simple sugar and amino acids enter into the blood directly while the fatty acids enter the blood system indirectly through the lymphatic system.<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Site<\/strong><\/td>\nDigestive juice<\/strong><\/td>\nOptimum pH<\/strong><\/td>\nEnzyme<\/strong><\/td>\nFunctions (reactions)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Mouth <\/td>\nSaliva <\/td>\nAlkaline <\/td>\nPtyalin <\/td>\nStarch maltose <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Stomach <\/td>\nGastric juice<\/td>\nAcidic (due to the presence of hydrochloric acid)<\/td>\nPepsin <\/p>\n

\u00a0Renin <\/td>\n

Converts protein to peptide and peptone.
\nActs on milk proteins only and curdles it by converting the caseinogen (soluble) to casein (insoluble)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Duodenum <\/td>\nBile secreted by the gall bladder
\nPancreatic juice produced by the pancreas<\/td>\n		Alkaline<\/p>\n

\u00a0Alkaline<\/p>\n

\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u00a0<\/td>\n

Contains no enzyme but bile salts amylase
\nTrypsin lipase<\/td>\n		The bile salts emulsify the fats.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\"\"\/Starch maltose
\n\"\"\/Protein peptides\/peptones
\n\"\"\/Fats fatty acids and glycerol <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Small intestine or ileum <\/td>\nIntestinal juice<\/td>\nAlkaline <\/td>\nMaltase
\nLactase
\nSucrose
\nPeptidase
\nLipase<\/td>\n		\n\u00a0
\n\u00a0
\n\u00a0
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\u00a0Assignment:<\/strong> draw and label fully a diagram showing the alimentary canal.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00a0 \u00a0WEEK 10 THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM The food taken into our mouth requires some kind…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,180],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2070","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-posts","category-first-term-ss1-food-and-nutrition"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ecolebooks.com\/nigeria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2070","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ecolebooks.com\/nigeria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ecolebooks.com\/nigeria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ecolebooks.com\/nigeria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ecolebooks.com\/nigeria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2070"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ecolebooks.com\/nigeria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2070\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2071,"href":"https:\/\/ecolebooks.com\/nigeria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2070\/revisions\/2071"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ecolebooks.com\/nigeria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2070"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ecolebooks.com\/nigeria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2070"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ecolebooks.com\/nigeria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2070"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}