{"id":2002,"date":"2023-10-02T08:12:59","date_gmt":"2023-10-02T08:12:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/ecole9ja\/?p=2002"},"modified":"2023-10-02T08:16:55","modified_gmt":"2023-10-02T08:16:55","slug":"week-4-ss1-first-term-biology-notes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ecolebooks.com\/nigeria\/posts\/week-4-ss1-first-term-biology-notes\/","title":{"rendered":"Week 4 – SS1 First Term Biology Notes"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00a0
\n\u00a0WEEK FOUR
\n<\/strong>Organization of Life
\n<\/strong>Organization of life is defined as the existence of life from a single called organisms to a multicellular organisms with complex form that perform different functions
\nLevels of Organization
\n<\/strong>1 First level<\/strong> (cell): A cell which is the functional and structural unit of protoplasm bounded by a membrane is the first level of organization. It contains nucleus and cytoplasmic materials. Some living things or organisms exist as a cell capable of carry out all the characteristics of living things they have cytoplasmic structure such as pseudopodia, cilia, flagella and vacuole e.t.c. amoeba, paramecium and Euglena.
\n2. Second level<\/strong> (Tissue): A tissue is a collection of cells which are similar in structure and perform similar the same position in the body in which they exist. The only organism that exists at tissue level is hydra. Examples of tissues are blood, xylem tissue, phloem tissue, parenchyma, and collenchyma.
\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Third level<\/strong> (Organ): An organ is a collection of different tissues that perform a common function or functions, some organs can carry out more than one function, for example kidney excretes metabolic of water in the body. Examples of organs are root, stem, leaves, bulb, nose, ears, brain, spinal cords, taste, buds ovaries and urinary bladder
\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Fourth level<\/strong> (System): A system is a set of organs which cooperate to carry out one of the vital function of life. For examples the digestive system is made up of organs such as the mouth, oesophagus stomach, pancreas, duodenum and ileum, large intestine and anus.
\nComplexity of organization in higher organ
\n<\/strong>The advancement in the evolutionary trend of both plant and animals shows that there is a gradual complexity in the organization from one level to the next unicellular to multicellular and their bodies shows advancement over the unicellular organism. Their bodies are performing different functions. The specialized parts are made up of tissues, organs and system which make up higher organisms more efficient to carryout various activities of life
\nAdvantages of Complexity
\n<\/strong>i.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0There is specialization of various cells
\nii.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Division is allowed for efficient exploitation of the environment
\niii.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0It increases adaptation to environment
\niv.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0It leads to increase in size of organisms
\nv.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0In unicellular organisms all other activities stop when reproduction is about to take place but complex organisms do not.
\nDisadvantages of Complexity
\n<\/strong>i. Individual cells are not capable of existing independently and therefore depend on one another for activities to exist
\nii.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Area to volume diminishes
\niii.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0In higher organism ability to regenerate decreases<\/p>\n

\u00a0Questions to practice
\n1a.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0State one difference each between hydra and mammals with respect to :
\n i. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Level of Organizations
\n ii.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Body symmetry
\n iii.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Number of body layer<\/p>\n

\u00a0 b.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0State 4 advantages of the body complexity of higher animal
\n c.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0In terms of body complexity, relate the body functions of higher animals and Amoeba
\n d.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0In tabular forms, group the following objects according to their level of organization. Blood cell, blood, onion bulb, leaf, stem, ear, tongue, amoeba, paramecium, Nervous system, respiratory system, hydra and mango fruit
\n2a.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0State five differences between monocotyledonoea and dicotyledoneca
\n b.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0State the principal features of the following groups of an organisms
\n i.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Co-elenterata ii, Amphibia iii. Fishes iv. Reptiles v. Bird vi. Mammals<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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