{"id":1943,"date":"2023-10-02T07:32:35","date_gmt":"2023-10-02T07:32:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/ecole9ja\/?p=1943"},"modified":"2023-10-02T07:35:37","modified_gmt":"2023-10-02T07:35:37","slug":"week-4-ss1-first-term-geography-notes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ecolebooks.com\/nigeria\/posts\/week-4-ss1-first-term-geography-notes\/","title":{"rendered":"Week 4 – SS1 First Term Geography Notes"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00a0
\n\u00a0WEEK FOUR
\n<\/strong>LATITUDE & LONGITUDE
\n<\/strong>MEANING OF LATITUDE
\n<\/strong>Latitude is an angular distance of a point on earth’s surface measured in degrees from the centre of the earth. Latitude is parallel to the equator .Equator divides the earth into two equal halves known as Northern & southern hemisphere. Lines of latitude are sometimes called parallel of latitude.<\/p>\n

\u00a0IMPORTANT LINES OF LATITUDE
\n<\/strong>i. The equator 0\u00b0 (ii) North pole 90\u00b0N (iii) South pole 90\u00b0S (iv) The tropic of Cancer 23 1\/2<\/sup>\u00b0N (v) Tropic of Capricorn 23 1\/2\u00b0S (vi) Arctic circle 66 1\/2\u00b0N (vii) Antarctic circle 66 1\/2\u00b0S .<\/p>\n

\u00a0USES OF LINES OF LATITUDES
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. The lines of latitude are used to determine the exact location of a place on the atlas map.\n<\/li>\n
  2. They are used to calculate the distance between two places on the earth surface.\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u00a0LONGITUDE
    \n<\/strong>Longitude is an angular distance measured in degree east and west of the Greenwich Meridian. It is an imaginary line drawn on the globe (earth) running from north to south at right angle to the parallels.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0The longitude passing through London and Accra is called the Great, Prime or Greenwich meridian and it is on longitude 0\u00b0. All longitudes are called meridian.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0IMPORTANT LINES OF LONGITUDE
    \nLong 0\u00b0 (Prime Meridian) , long 45\u00b0E , long 45\u00b0W long 90\u00b0E long 90\u00b0W long180\u00b0E etc.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0USES OF LINES OF LONGITUDE
    \n<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. They are used to calculate local time.\n<\/li>\n
    2. They are used to determine the exact location of places on the atlas map.\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      \u00a0Similarities between Lines of Latitudes and Meridians
      \n<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Both are used for location of places on the map.\n<\/li>\n
      2. Both are numbered in degrees.\n<\/li>\n
      3. Both are imaginary lines drawn on the globe.\n<\/li>\n
      4. Both contain great circles.\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        \u00a0EVALUATION QUESTIONS
        \n<\/strong>1. What is latitude?
        \n2. Mention the important lines of latitude and longitude<\/p>\n

        \u00a0Differences between Lines of Longitude and Lines of Latitudes
        \n<\/strong> Lines of latitudes \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lines of longitudes
        \n\"\"\/\"\"\/1. Equator is the only great circle It has many great circles as opposite parts of
        \n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 lines make a great circle.
        \n2. Lines are shorter towards the pole Lines are of the same length.
        \n3. They run from West to East They run from North to South.
        \n4. Lines are parallel to each other Lines are not parallel to each other but converge at
        \n the poles.
        \n5. The lines are called parallels The lines are called meridians.
        \n6. Lines are used for measuring Lines are used for calculating local time.
        \n distance
        \n7. Has the equator as its reference Has Greenwich meridian as its reference
        \n point\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 point.
        \n 8. Latitude measures up to 180\u00b0 i.e Longitudes measures up to 360\u00b0 i.e
        \n 90\u00b0N – 90\u00b0S 180\u00b0W – 180\u00b0E.<\/p>\n

        \u00a0GREAT CIRCLE AND SMALL CIRCLE
        \n<\/strong>A great circle is any line that divides the earth into two equal halves or hemispheres. The centre of the great circle is also the centre of the earth. <\/p>\n

        \u00a0Two opposite lines of longitude make a great circle e.g long 0\u00b0, 180\u00b0W and 180\u00b0E, long.300<\/sup>W and long15\u00b0W, long110\u00b0W and 70\u00b0E, etc .
        \nOn the other hand, a small circle is any line that does not divide the earth into two equal halves or hemisphere. All lines of latitude are small circles except the Equator. Examples are lat.90\u00b0N, 90\u00b0S, Tropic of cancer, Tropic of Capricorn etc.<\/p>\n

        \u00a0EVALUATION QUESTIONS
        \n<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \n
        1. Differentiate between lines of latitude and lines of longitude.\n<\/li>\n
        2. Describe a great circle.\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          \u00a0GENERAL EVALUATION
          \n<\/strong><\/p>\n

            \n
          1. Mention two uses of lines of latitude and longitude.
            \n\t\t\t\t<\/strong><\/li>\n
          2. State two similarities and four differences between longitude and latitude.
            \n\t\t\t\t<\/strong><\/li>\n
          3. Describe a small circle.
            \n\t\t\t\t<\/strong><\/li>\n
          4. What is a great circle?
            \n\t\t\t\t<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            \u00a0READING ASSIGNMENT
            \n<\/strong>Essential Geography, O.A. Iwena, Pages 14-17.<\/p>\n

            \u00a0WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT
            \n<\/strong><\/p>\n

              \n
            1. 1. Lines of longitude can best be described as (a) The angular distance of a place north or south of the equator (b) semi circle on the globe (c) imaginary lines on the earth’s surface joining the north and south poles\n<\/li>\n
            2. The angular distance of a point on the earth’s surface measured in degrees from the centre of the earth is known as (a) latitude (b) longitude (c) international date line\n<\/li>\n
            3. The shortest flying route between any two points on the earth surface lies along the (a) Tropic of Capricorn (b) Tropic of Cancer (c) Great circle\n<\/li>\n
            4. A great circle can be described as (a) a line of longitude (b) the line of latitude (c) a shortest distance between two points on the globe\n<\/li>\n
            5. The following are the similarities between lines of longitude and latitude except (a) both are used to calculate local time of a place (b) both are numbered in degree (c) both contain great circles\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              \u00a0THEORY<\/strong><\/p>\n

                \n
              1. State two differences between longitude and latitude.\n<\/li>\n
              2. List five important lines of latitude.\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                \t\t\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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