{"id":1416,"date":"2023-09-28T14:39:14","date_gmt":"2023-09-28T14:39:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/ecole9ja\/?p=1416"},"modified":"2023-09-28T14:41:08","modified_gmt":"2023-09-28T14:41:08","slug":"week-10-jss-3-first-term-cultural-and-creative-art-cca-lesson-notes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ecolebooks.com\/nigeria\/posts\/week-10-jss-3-first-term-cultural-and-creative-art-cca-lesson-notes\/","title":{"rendered":"Week 10 – Jss 3 First Term Cultural and Creative Art (CCA) Lesson Notes"},"content":{"rendered":"

WEEK 10
\n<\/strong>TOPIC: EMBROIDERY
\n<\/strong>Embroidery<\/strong>\u00a0is the\u00a0handicraft\u00a0of decorating\u00a0fabric\u00a0or other materials using a\u00a0needle\u00a0to apply\u00a0thread or yarn.
\nEmbroidery may also incorporate other materials such as,\u00a0pearls,\u00a0beads,\u00a0quills, and\u00a0sequins. In modern days, embroidery is usually seen on caps, hats, coats, blankets, dress shirts, denim, dresses, stockings, and\u00a0golf shirts. Embroidery is available with a wide variety of\u00a0thread or yarn\u00a0color.
\nSome of the basic techniques or\u00a0stitches\u00a0of the earliest embroidery are\u00a0chain stitch,\u00a0buttonhole or blanket stitch,\u00a0running stitch,\u00a0satin stitch,\u00a0cross stitch. Those stitches remain the fundamental techniques of hand embroidery today.<\/p>\n

Origins
\n<\/h3>\n

The process used to tailor, patch, mend and reinforce cloth fostered the development of sewing techniques, and the decorative possibilities of sewing led to the art of embroidery.\u00a0Indeed, the remarkable stability of basic embroidery stitches has been noted:
\nIt is a striking fact that in the development of embroidery … there are no changes of materials or techniques which can be felt or interpreted as advances from a primitive to a later, more refined stage. On the other hand, we often find in early works a technical accomplishment and high standard of craftsmanship rarely attained in later times.
\nThe art of embroidery has been found world-wide and several early examples have been found. Works in China have been dated to the\u00a0Warring States period\u00a0(5th\u20133rd century BC).\u00a0In a garment from\u00a0Migration period\u00a0Sweden, roughly 300\u2013700 AD, the edges of bands of trimming are reinforced with running stitch, back stitch, stem stitch, tailor’s buttonhole stitch, and whip-stitching, but it is uncertain whether this work simply reinforced the seams or should be interpreted as decorative embroidery.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

Classification
\n<\/h2>\n

Embroidery can be classified according to what degree the design takes into account the nature of the base material and by the relationship of stitch placement to the fabric. The main categories are free or surface embroidery, counted embroidery, and needlepoint or canvas work.[11]<\/sup>
\n\t\tIn free or surface embroidery, designs are applied without regard to the weave of the underlying fabric. Examples include\u00a0crewel\u00a0and traditional Chinese and Japanese embroidery.
\n\"\"
\n\t\tCross-stitch\u00a0counted-thread embroidery. Tea-cloth,\u00a0Hungary, mid-20th century
\nCounted-thread embroidery\u00a0patterns are created by making stitches over a predetermined number of threads in the foundation fabric. Counted-thread embroidery is more easily worked on an\u00a0even-weave\u00a0foundation fabric such as embroidery\u00a0canvas,\u00a0aida cloth, or specially woven\u00a0cotton\u00a0and\u00a0linen\u00a0fabrics . Examples include\u00a0cross-stitch\u00a0and some forms of\u00a0blackwork embroidery.
\n\"\"
\n\t\tHardanger, a\u00a0whitework\u00a0technique. Contemporary.
\nWhile similar to counted thread in regards to technique, in\u00a0canvas work\u00a0or\u00a0needlepoint, threads are stitched through a fabric mesh to create a dense pattern that completely covers the foundation fabric.
\n\t\t\t<\/sup>\u00a0Examples of canvas work include\u00a0bargello\u00a0and\u00a0Berlin wool work.
\nEmbroidery can also be classified by the similarity of appearance. In\u00a0drawn thread work\u00a0and\u00a0cutwork, the foundation fabric is deformed or cut away to create holes that are then embellished with embroidery, often with thread in the same color as the foundation fabric. When created with white thread on white linen or cotton, this work is collectively referred to as\u00a0whitework.[13]<\/sup>\u00a0However, whitework can either be counted or free.\u00a0Hardanger embroidery\u00a0is a counted embroidery and the designs are often geometric.[14]<\/sup>\u00a0Conversely, styles such as\u00a0Broderie anglaise\u00a0are similar to free embroidery, with floral or abstract designs that are not dependent on the weave of the fabric.<\/p>\n

Materials
\n<\/h2>\n

\"\"
\n\t\tPhulkari\u00a0from the\u00a0Punjab region\u00a0of India. Phulkari embroidery, popular since at least the 15th century, is traditionally done on hand-spun cotton cloth with simple darning stitches using silk floss.
\n\"\"
\n\t\tLaid threads, a surface technique in wool on linen. The\u00a0Bayeux Tapestry, 11th century.
\nThe fabrics and yarns used in traditional embroidery vary from place to place.\u00a0Wool,\u00a0linen, and\u00a0silk\u00a0have been in use for thousands of years for both fabric and yarn. Today,\u00a0embroidery thread\u00a0is manufactured in\u00a0cotton,\u00a0rayon, and\u00a0novelty yarns\u00a0as well as in traditional wool, linen, and silk.\u00a0Ribbon\u00a0embroidery uses narrow ribbon in silk or silk\/organza\u00a0blend ribbon, most commonly to create floral motifs.
\nSurface embroidery techniques such as chain stitch and\u00a0couching\u00a0or laid-work are the most economical of expensive yarns; couching is generally used for\u00a0goldwork. Canvas work techniques, in which large amounts of yarn are buried on the back of the work, use more materials but provide a sturdier and more substantial finished textile.
\nIn both canvas work and surface embroidery an\u00a0embroidery hoop\u00a0or frame can be used to stretch the material and ensure even stitching tension that prevents pattern distortion. Modern canvas work tends to follow symmetrical counted stitching patterns with designs emerging from the repetition of one or just a few similar stitches in a variety of hues. In contrast, many forms of surface embroidery make use of a wide range of stitching patterns in a single piece of work.<\/p>\n

Machine
\n<\/h2>\n

\"\"
\n\t\tCommercial machine embroidery in\u00a0chain stitch\u00a0on a\u00a0voile\u00a0curtain, China, early 21st century.
\nContemporary embroidery is stitched with a\u00a0computerized\u00a0embroidery machine using patterns digitized with\u00a0embroidery software. In\u00a0machine embroidery, different types of “fills” add texture and design to the finished work.\u00a0Machine embroidery\u00a0is used to add\u00a0logos\u00a0and\u00a0monograms\u00a0to business shirts or jackets, gifts, and team apparel as well as to decorate household linens, draperies, and decorator fabrics that mimic the elaborate hand embroidery of the past.
\nThere has also been a development in free hand machine embroidery, new machines have been designed that allow for the user to create free-motion embroidery which has its place in textile arts, quilting, dressmaking, home furnishings and more.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

WEEK 10 TOPIC: EMBROIDERY Embroidery\u00a0is the\u00a0handicraft\u00a0of decorating\u00a0fabric\u00a0or other materials using a\u00a0needle\u00a0to apply\u00a0thread or yarn. Embroidery…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,131],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1416","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-posts","category-first-term-jss-3-cca-fine-art"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ecolebooks.com\/nigeria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1416","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ecolebooks.com\/nigeria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ecolebooks.com\/nigeria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ecolebooks.com\/nigeria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ecolebooks.com\/nigeria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1416"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ecolebooks.com\/nigeria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1416\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1417,"href":"https:\/\/ecolebooks.com\/nigeria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1416\/revisions\/1417"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ecolebooks.com\/nigeria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1416"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ecolebooks.com\/nigeria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1416"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ecolebooks.com\/nigeria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1416"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}