Week 3 – SS2 Third Term English Language Notes

WEEK THREE

TOPICS

1. Speech Work: Stress Patterns
   
2. Structure: Active and Passive Voices
   
3. Vocabulary Development: Prefixes
   
4. Essay Writing: Article Writing; Explanation and Features
   

1. Speech Work: Stress Patterns
   

   CONTENT: Identification and examples.
   In this lesson, we will explain the morphophonemic approach at identifying a stressed syllable. In this approach, stress placement is determined as a result of the occurrence and arrangement of vowels (short, long, diphthongs) and consonants in syllables.

 Guidelines
A    (i) For two syllable vowels, simple adjectives, adverbs and prepositions,
Stress the first syllable when the second syllable contains ashort vowel and one or a final consonant. E.g. ENter, ENvy, Open, Equal.
However, a two syllable verb that ends in the diphthong (әu) is     stresses on the first syllable for example FOllow, BOrrow.
(ii) Stress the second syllable if it contains a long vowel or diphthong and ends with more than one consonant. E.g. withDRAW, inVITE, conTACT, aLIVE.
iii) Three syllabled verbs
If the last syllable contains a long vowel, diphthong or more than our consonant stress it. If the last syllable     contains a short vowel or not more one consonant stress the second syllable e.g. resuRRECT, enterTAIN, enCOUNTER, deTERmine
B    (i)    Nouns of two syllables
Stress the first syllable if the second syllable contains a short vowel otherwise stress the second e.g. MOney, PROduct, LArynx, eSTATE, balLOON, deSIGN.
(ii)    Nouns of three syllables
    If the last syllable contains a short vowel or the diphthong /әu/, it receives no stress. If the middle syllable contains a long vowel or diphthong or ends with more than one consonant, that middle syllable is stressed e.g. poTAto, diSASter, boNANza, syNOPsis, diSASter, apPOINTment.
    If the last syllable contains a short vowel and contains not more than one consonant, stress the first syllable e.g. QUANtity, EXercise, CUStody, SCHOlarship, EMperor, CInema.

 EVALUATION
Identify 3 guidelines for identifying a stressed syllable.

 READING ASSIGNMENT
Read Court Hearing page 10

 

1. Structure: Active and Passive Voices
   

   Content
   Voice is a term that is used to explain whether the performer of an action comes before the action (verb) or whether it comes after the verb in a sentence. When the performer comes before the verb (action) we say the verb is in the active form e.g.
   Dairokilled a snake. (Active voice)
   S         o
   However, when the two nouns in the sentence above are swapped, we say the sentence is in the passive form.
   A snake was killed by Dairo (Passive voice)
       S         o
   Active Voice                Passive Voice
   Bola prepared dinner.            Dinner was prepared by Bola.
   Shade wrote a letter.            A letter was written by Shade.
   Daddy is building a house.        A house is being built by Daddy.
   Sola makes beads.                Beads are made by Sola.
   John will kick the ball.            The ball will be kicked by John.

    Rules
   

   1. There is an exchange of positions between the subject and the object
   2. The tense of both voices (active and passive) must be the same.
   3. There is an introduction of ‘by’ in the passive voice
   4. A form of the verb ‘BE’ is also introduced in the passive voice.

 EVALUATION
Change the following sentences to the passive form.

1. Amaka sings a song.
2. Bukola was cooking a nice meal.
3. Emmanuel has posted the letter.
4. The principal granted me the permission.
5. They offered him a nice job.

 READING ASSIGNMENT
Pg. 91 – 95 Lexis and structure, Olatunbosun
Pg. 238 Countdown English

1. Vocabulary Development: Prefixes
   

   A prefix is a group of letters or syllable which is attached to the front of a root word to form another word which usually changes its meaning.

    The following are examples with their meaning.

    Prefix        Meaning        New Words/Derivative
   un-            not            unhappy, untrue
   dis-        not            discomfort, dislike
   non-        not            nonsense, non-smoker
   mis-        wrong            mismanage, mislead
   mal-        bad            malfunction, maltreat
   super-        exceeding        supernatural, superman
   out-        exceed            outdo, outlive
   sub-        below            substandard,subhuman
   hyper-        beyond            hypertension, hyperactive
   anti-        against            anti-social, antiviral

 EVALUATION
Form words with these prefixes: pro-, inter-, trans-, pre-, over-, under-

 READING ASSIGNMENT
Pg. 236 – 238 Lexis and structure,P.O.Olatunbosun

 Writing: Article Writing
Content
Definition, Features, Sample Question,Outline
An article is a type of writing that is meant to be published in a school magazines, a newspaper or a journal.
 
 Basic Features

1. It must have a heading
2. It must have an introductory paragraph
3. Its body should contain at least three well development paragraphs which should serve as the content of the writing. When added to the introductory and concluding paragraphs, the writing should not be less than five paragraphs. But it can be more
4. It must contain a concluding paragraph
5. Write your full name and your class, school, town or city as the situation may require.

 Outline: Women in Politics

• Topic/Heading
  
• Introduction: Men have dominated the political space for long
  
• The effects of men’s domination
  
• The need for women’s involvement (equality, less corruption, compassionate, talent use, example from other countries)
  
• Conclusion: challenge the audience
  

 EVALUATION
Write an essay on the outlined topic above

 READING ASSIGNMENT
pg. 39 – 42, Countdown English

 GENERAL EVALUATION

1. Give three rules of changing an active voice to a passive one.
2. Write out the types of prefixes we have and what they mean.

    

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT
SECTION A
Choose the correct options
1.    You will need to commit the formula ——memory (a) to (b) by (c) on (d) in
2.    We came ____ rail (a) on (b) with (c) by (d) in
3.    How did you arrive at ____ unholy hour?
    (a) that a (b) such an (c) an such (d) the such
4.    Jide was absent for __ of the meeting
    (a) plenty (b) many (c) much (d) many of
5.    Emily enjoys ___ soccer (a) to play (b) play (c) playing (d) to be playing    

 SECTION B
Test for Continuous Assessment, No B, pg 212 of Effective English.