Week 1 – Jss 3 Second Term Basic Science Notes

JSS3 SIGMA TERM E-NOTE
SCHEME OF WORK

 Week1-Resources from living things.
The source of resources from living things comes from plants and animals. The resources from plant sources include cash crops and food crops, dyes, drug while resources from animal include hide and skin, dairy products. Plants resources are grown in the garden and farms for food, commercial purposes, aesthetic values. Resources from plants are grouped into four major groups;cash crops, food crops ,dye/textile and drug/medicinal crops.
Cash crops– are crops grown mainly for money making. They are produced in large quantity for use within the country and for export. Cash crops include wood crops such as iroko, mahogany, ebony; Fibre crops e.g. cotton;oil crops e.g. groundnut, palm oil, other crops include rice, sugar cane, tobacco e.t.c
These crops also provide foreign exchange for the country.
Food Crops– These are plant resources serve as source of food.These are vegetables e.g.pumpkin, lettuce and bitter leaves; root tuber e.g. yam and cassava ; Fruits e.g.guava, mango and orange; Legumes e.g.beans,melon;Grains e.g.rice, maize,millet;Underground crops e.g.carrot,onion;oil plant e.g.groundnut, palm oil, olive; Food crops provides mainly vitamins, carbohydrate, protein ,oil and other nutrients which the body needs for growth and development.
-Dyes/textile– dyes are liquid substances of plants extracts that are used to change the colour of clothing materials, hair and houses.
They are extracted naturally from flowers and leaves of plant. Crop for textile are used for making clothes by textile industries. Textile crops are cotton while fibers plant, flax guinea-hemp, sisal and jute are used in rope production. The leaves and fronds of palm trees provide materials for making hats, bags, baskets.
Drug/Medicinal crop—Drugs are chemical substances of plant extract used as medicine to prevent or cure various health problems and diseases. Drugs are capable of altering behaviours when they abused .Drugs are resources from the stem, roots and leaves of plant. For examples Cinchoma species, garlic species e.t.c
Resources from animals
Animal resources are very important for human being since they provide food for growth and development such resources include hide, milk, feathers and feace of livestock.
Hide/ skin= Hide and skin are derived from the skin of large animals such as camels, buffalo, cattle e.t.c. Hide can be sold, bought or used in leather industries for the production of shoes, bags ,purses, belt and garment. Skin of small animals such as goat and rabbit are edible.
Livestock—are mainly birds and mammals that are reared by farmers either for consumption or for money making.For examples such animals are goats, sheep, cows, pigs, poultry birds.
1.These animals provide meat, milk,e.t.c.
2.The feathers of the poultry birds e.g. chicken, turkeys are used for decoration.
3.The droppings from livestock are used as manure in farms and gardens.
4.The feathers can be used to make pillow case
Dairy-is a place on a farm where milk is kept. Dairy are got from animal resources such as cow, horse camel e.t.c.The milk is rich in protein is a major ingredient in the production of cheese, butter and yogurt for human consumption and export.
ASSIGHNMENT
1.Which of the following is not a livestock? A. goat B.lion C.Sheep D.pig
2.The major animal resources use4d the leather industries are A.hide and skin B. skin and legs C. hide and mat D. camel and skin
3.Dairy products are major ingredients for the production of A.yam, cotton and butter B.cassava ,timber and cheese C. yoghurt, butter and rice D.butter ,cheese and yoghurt
4.Which of the following is not a product of living things ? A. beans B.stone C.melon D.meat
5.Which of the following is not a cash crop? A. iroko tree B.mahogany C.vegetables D.oil palm
6a..State three uses from animals
b.State four major groups of plant resources
7.Check your texts book for more questions