WEEK FOUR (4)
LESSON ONE: SPEECH WORK:
TOPIC: Consonant sound /q/ and /a/ think / father, mouth/ lather
/ q/ – This consonant is pronounced with the tip of the tongue in a light contact with the incisors while the airstream passes through the mouth. The vocal cords do not vibrate as this process takes place so that the consonant is a voiceless dental fricative.
Note: This dental fricative does not exist in Nigeria languages. So learners of English in Nigeria therefore, find it difficult to pronounce / q/ properly. The only spelling symbol for this consonant is “th”.
/ q/ at the initial and final positions.
Initial Position Final Position
Thank pith
Thorn path
Through oath
Thick earth
Think cloth
Thin breath
Thief wrath.
Now pronounce the following words, paying attention to contrast between /t/ and / q/ .
/ t/ / q /___
Team theme
Tank thank
Tick thick
Torn thorn
Tin thin
/ J/ to pronounce this consonant, the tip of the tongue makes light contact with the incisors while the airstream, passes through the narrowing between the tongue and the incisor with some frictional noise. The vocal cords vibrate as /J/ is a voiced dental fricative. Since this consonant does not exist in Nigerian languages, Nigerian learners of English usually experience some problem in pronouncing it. This problems results in such wrong pronunciations as “day” for “they” and den for “then”. To avoid these faulty pronunciation therefore, learners should follow or improve on articulatory procedure described above. The spelling symbol for /J/ correctly, there is an additional problem of knowing when to pronounce / q / and when to pronounce /J/ since both consonant have the same “th” spelling. There is no established rule to guide the learners but you may have noticed that some people usually pronounce “th” at /t/ in specific situations and pronounce the same “th” as /d/ in other situations where such people pronounce “th” as /t/, the correct pronunciation is /q /. In other situations where the pronounce “th” as /d/, the correct pronunciation is /J/.
“thin” pronounced / qin/ and not /tin/
“three” pronounced /qri:/ and not /tri:/
“then” pronounced /Jen/ and not /den/
“thine” pronounced /Jain/ and not /dain/.
/J/ at the initial and final position.
Initial position Final position
Than with
That loathe
This soothe
Those breathe
Then bathe
Though mouth.
Assignment
Make five word at initial and final position of the consonants /J/ and /q/.
LESSON TWO: GRAMMAR
TOPIC: SYNONYMS
Synonyms are words which have similar, or almost the same meanings. Remember, however, that no two words in English mean exactly the same thing and can be used in exactly the same contexts. When we say that two words are synonyms, we mean that they are similar in many contexts. Example
Words Synonyms
1. Prosperity – Success, wealth, plenty, welfare.
2. Happiness – joy, pleasure, delight
3. suffering – heartache, affliction, distress, agony.
4. Friendship – concord, fellowship, friendly, family, relations.
5. arrive – come, reach, get there.
6. silent – still, calm, peaceful, quiet.
7. plan – scheme, design, programme
8. odour – smell, aroma, fragrance
9. succeed – be effective, accomplish, achieve, win.
10. depart – go, quit, leave.
Assignment
Pick the correct option to replace the underline synonyms .
1. Jude defest the behavior of his father
(a) likes (b) hates (c) imitate (d) promotes (e) incite
2. His reaction to my advice was positive
(a) negative (b) vicious (c) doubtful (d) evasive (e) encouraging.
3. He is very optimistic that we will win the match
(a) disconsolate (b) prophetic (c) uncertain (d) hopeful (e) exceptional.
4. His suggestions on how to deal with the problem was found very invaluable
(a) useful (b) unrealistic (c) impossible (d) necessary (e) useless.
LESSON THREE: COMPOSITION:
TOPIC: THE RESPONSIBILITIES OF GOVERNMENT.
What is government? Government is referred to as an act of governing because it is a body vested with supreme power of the affair of a state.
FUNCTIONS (RESPONSIBILITIES)
The following are the functions of government
1. Law Making: Government is responsible for making law in a country to ensure peace and orderliness.
2. Provision of Social Amenities: They provide amenities like: electricity, potable water, health care, education etc.
3. Defence of Country: They defend the country against external aggression.
4. Maintenance of Law and Order: They maintain law and order through government agencies such as police.
5. Protection of lives and property: Government is also responsible for protection of lives and property.
Other responsibilities are: provision of unemployment, formulation and implementation of policies, external affair functions, administration of justices, promotion of economic activities etc.
Assignment
Give brief explanation to the following responsibilities of Government.
(i) provision for unemployment
(ii) promotion of economic activities.
Reference: New Oxford English Course Bk. 2 page 94 and 106.
LESSON FOUR:- Reading And Comprehension
Reference: – New oxford for junior secondary school course Book 2. By Ayo Banjo eta al.
– Reading to signal or redirect attention to main point Unit Nine (9) – page 89-90
Instruction: Answer the comprehension questions below.
Assignment
Summarize the first two paragraph in three sentences.
LESSON FIVE (5):- Literature – in – English
COMPOSITION OF POEM.
(LAZINESS).
Assignment:–
Compose at least two stanza of a poem on the topic: Laziness with possible rhyme scheme.