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USING A DICTIONARY
Dictionary:
It is a kind of a book or reference that containing words of a language, arranged alphabetically and showing class and uses.
We often use a dictionary to look up a word. We do this when we do not know what the word means.Dictionaries are organised to help us look up word easily
Importance of Dictionary book
- Gives meaning of words
- Shows words of the same meaning
- Shows words which mean the opposite
- Show the classes of word (verb, nouns, objectives)
- Show how words are used
- Show how words are made 7. Show how words are pronounced.
Synonyms: words, which mean the same, a called synonyms
Examples: –
- Angry – mad
- Cried – shouted
- Huge – big
- Hate – dislike
- Clever – bright
Antonyms: A dictionary also shows words which mean the opposite words which means the opposite are called antonyms
Examples:
- Hate – like o Ugly – beautiful o Slow – fast o Friendly – enemy
- Strong – weak
Word formation
A dictionary also shows how words are made. This is called word formation
– A noun can be made from a verb or from an Adjective
Example vacate (v) – vocation (N)
Some Nouns end with
- …………….. ion (examination)
- …………………ty (beauty)
- ………………….ness (politeness)
- ……………………ce (importance)
Some of the objectives end with
- ………… ous (poisonous)
- …………. Al (trial)
- …………..ic (electric)
- ………….. an (African)
- ………….. ful (helpful)
Pronunciation: A dictionary shows how words are pronounced English words are pronounced differently from Kiswahili. The way the English words are written is different from the way they pronounced.
Example: see – pronounced as /si/ and not see
Exercise
Write the following words as they are pronounced in the dictionary
Example: King – /KiÅ‹/
- Sing =
- Cheek =
- Cart =
- Chest =
- Dish =
Exercise
Show differences of pronunciation of the underlined words.
- Please sit on the seat
- I left my hat in the hut
- Pull the boy from the pool
- Do not hurt my heart
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