5. MAPS AND MAP WORK QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

5. MAPS AND MAP WORK QUESTIONS

The topic entails:

1. Definition of pictures, Plans and maps
   
2. Explaining the relationship between pictures, plans and maps
   
3. Identifying types of maps and stating their uses.
   
4. Identifying and use of marginal information on maps
   
5. Identifying types and uses of scales
   
6. Determining distances and areas using scales
   
7. Distinguishing direction and bearing
   
8. Identifying traditional and modern methods of locating places and features
   
9. Locating places and features on maps using various methods.
   
10. Description of different methods of representing relief on topographical maps.
    
11. Enlargement and reduction of topographical maps
    
12. Drawing cross-section from topographical maps
    
13. Calculation and interpretation of vertical exaggeration and gradient
    
14. Determination of indivisibility.
    

1.  (a) Identify any two adjoined map sheets to the area covered by the map

 (b) (i) Give two features of the map which shows that the area to the south east of the area

covered by the map receives high amount of rainfall(cite evidence)

(ii) Name two physical features found in grid square 4548  

(c) (i) Reduce by a half the area covered by easting 23 to 30 and northing 47 to 53

(ii) On the reduced area mark and label the following:-

All weather road loose surface

District boundary

 (d) (i) Describe the drainage of the area covered by the map to the south of northing 50  

(ii) Citing evidence from the map give three economic activities carried out in the area

covered by the map

2.  (a) (ii) What is the latitudinal and longitudinal location of shopping centre at grid square 5863

(ii) Name the continuous man made feature along Road B1

(b) (i) Apart from spot height, give two other methods which have been used to show

relief on the map

(ii) Measure the length of the road D313 between Northing 68 and Northing 70.

Give your answer in kilometers  

(iii) Calculate the bearing of the culvert in grid square 6066 from river confluence in

grid square 6269

3.  (a) (i) Draw a cross-section along Easting 67 from Northing 67 to Northing 71.

(Use a vertical scale of 1cm rep. 80m)

  On the cross section you have drawn, mark and name:

– Hill

– Pass

– Road D313

(ii) Calculate the vertical exaggeration of the cross section you have drawn

4.   Study the map of Belgut 1:50,000 (sheet 117/3) provided and answer the following questions

 a)i)Give the general direction of the flow of river Itare

ii) What is the bearing of a trigonometrical station 117S 13 at grid reference 443512 from

a tea nursery found at grid reference 443447?

iii) Name two types of trigonometrical station that have been used to show the relief in

the area covered by the map

iv) Calculate the area that s found on the western side of river Sondo. Give answers in meters

b)i) Using a vertical scale of 1cm to represent 100 meters draw a cross-section from grid

reference 260520 to grid reference 340520

ii) On the cross-section, mark and label the following

• A hill
• A provincial boundary
• All weather road, loose surface  
• Riverine trees  

iii) Calculate the vertical exaggeration of the cross-section

c) Students from Chemamul School set out to carry out field work in the area of Belgut

i) With evidence, name two crops they found being grown in the area  

Use the diagram below to answer questions 5

5.  (a) Name the vegetation types marked X and Y

 (b) Give two reasons for the absence of vegetation at Z  

 (c) Name any one part in Kenya represented by this diagram

6. Use the map of Kericho (1:50,000) to answer the questions

Study the map of Belgut 1: 50000 (sheet 117/3) provided and answer the following questions

. (a) (i) What is the height of the highest contour in the area covered by the map?

(ii) Give the longitudinal extent of the area covered by the map.  

(iii) Calculate the area of the part of Kisii district shown on the map.

(iv) What is the six figure grid reference of the junction at Marumbasi?

(b) (i) Draw a rectangle 10cm by 14cm to represent the area between easting 30 and 40  

  (ii) On the rectangle mark and name the following:-

 – A plantation

– River Yurith

– A seasonal swamp

– The bridge at Kabirigut

(iii) Calculate the new scale of your reduction  

(c) Describe three ways in which physical factors have influenced the construction of all

weather roads in the area.

(d) (i) Citing evidence from the map, explain three factors that favour the growing of tea in Belgut.  

(ii) With evidence from the map name any other crop grown in the area other than tea.  

7.  Study the map of Belgut: 1:50000 (sheet 117/3) provided and answer the following questions

.  a) i) Convert the scale of the map into statement scale  

ii) Give the longitudinal extend of the area covered by the map

iii) Calculate the bearing of the posho mill at Kiptule from the spot height at Kiptere

 b) Apart from forests name other vegetation types in the area covered by the map  

c)i) Draw a rectangle measuring 15cm by 8cm o represent the area south of northing 50 and

West of easting 30. On the rectangle mark

• River Sondo
• Coffee mill
• All weather road loose surface
• Wood land
  

ii) Describe the drainage of the area covered by the map

 d) What factors on the map can promote trading activity  

8.  Study the topographic map of Belgut provided and use it to answer this question

(a) (i) Name the two provinces covered in the area by the map  

(ii) What is the general direction of Ikamu school from Chemamul school?

(iii) Write the six figure grid reference of the Posho Mill at Kiptule

(b) (i) Measure the distance of all weather road (bound surface) from Kapsuser shops to

its ends in the North-East to Kericho. Give your answer in Kilometers

(ii) Identify two methods used in the map to locate places  

(iii) Name three types of natural vegetation found in the area

(iv) Citing evidence from the map, name three agricultural activities carried out in Belgut area  

(c) Citing evidence from the map, explain three physical factors which have influenced

settlement in the area

 (d) Describe the drainage of the area covered y the map

9. a i) What type of map is Belgut sheet?

ii) Give two methods used in representing relief on the map extract.  

b i) What is the length of the Murram road from Marumbasi to Kiptere Sunchen

(Give your answer in Km)

ii) Name the main crop planted under plantation from the map  

c i) Explain how relief has influenced settlement in the area covered by the Map

ii) Citing evidence from the map, give two social – economic activities carried out in the

area covered by the map.

d i) Using a vertical scale of 1 cm to represent 100 metres, draw a cross section from the

East 440000 to easting 500000 on the cross section label:

– Road

– River

– Forest

10.  Study the map of BELGUT 1:50,000 provided and answer the following questions

a)i) Give the longitudinal extent of the area covered by the map

 ii) Convert the scale of the map into a statement scale  

iii) Name two methods that have been used to represent relief on the map

 b)  i) Draw a cross-section between grid references 29050 and 33050. Use scale of 1cm

to represent 20 meters

ii) On the cross-section Mark and name:.

– papyrus swamp

– All weather road loose surface

iii) Calculate the vertical exaggeration

11.
 a) Describe the drainage of the area covered by the map

 b) Citing evidence from the map, give three economic activities carried out in the area

covered by the map

c) State two functions of the tea factory to the population around.  

d) Give three reasons to show the area covered in the map receives high rainfall. The evidence

should be deducted from the map  

12.  Study the map of Belgut 1:50,000(sheet 117/3) provided and answer the following questions

 (a) (i) What type of a map is Belgut ?

(ii) Give the grid square in which Matongo school is found  

(iii) Calculate the area enclosed by Kendu-Kisii, all weather roads (bound surface) to

the West of the map

(iv) Citing evidence from the map, identify four social activities taking place in the map

(b) (i) Draw a cross-section along Northings 54 between Eastings 26 to 32. Use vertical scale of

1cm to represent 20m. On it mark and name:-

(I) River  

(II) Loose surface road

(III) Swamp  

(ii) Calculate the vertical exaggeration  

(c) Describe the drainage of the area covered by the map

 (d) Citing evidence from the map, explain two conditions that favour cattle rearing in the

area covered by the map

13.  Study the map of Kericho (1:50,000) sheet 117/4 provided and answer the following questions

(a) i) What is the bearing of the secondary trigometrica station 2173 around Kapcheptoror

school form the dry weather road junction at Kipchimchim school

(ii) Give a six-figure grid reference of the trigometrical station (other) 1811 near

Poiywek school

(iii) Convert the scale of the map into a statement scale

(iv) Using liens of latitudes and longitudes give the position of Keongo school at gird

square 5662

(v) Give two methods used in representing relief in the are covered by the map

(b) Citing evidence from the map, state:-

(i) Two social functions of Kericho Municipality

(ii) Two economic activities carried out in the area covered by the map

(c) Using a vertical scale 1cm represents 20m

(i) Draw a cross section form grid reference 550640 to 590660  

(ii) On the cross-section, mark and name the following:-

• A river
• Dry weather road
• A hill  

 (d) Describe the drainage of the are covered by the map

14.  Study the map of Belgut (117/3) provided and answer the questions that follow:

 (a) Identify two provinces covered by the map of Belgut

 (b) (i)Using a vertical scale 1cm represents 50m, draw a cross section from grid reference

260590 to 330560. on it mark and name;

• All weather loose surface roads
• Marshes
• River

(ii) Calculate the vertical exaggeration of the cross section.

(iii) What type of map is Belgut?

15.  Study the map of BELGUT (1:50000 sheet 117/3) provided
and answer the questions below:

 a)i) Give the six figure grid references of the confluence of the river Itare and river Kitoi.  

 ii) Measure the length in kilometers of all weather roads loose surface from the junction

at grid square 3957 to the junction at Kipmaso grid square 3751.  

 iii) Give the name to the adjoining sheet found in the North East of Belgut  .

b)  i) What is the longitudinal extent of the area covered by the map?  

 ii) What is the approximate height of the school at kiptere grid square 3658?

c) i) Describe the drainage of the area covered by the map.

ii) Using a vertical scale of 1cm to represent 40 metres draw a cross-section along northing

53 from easting 24 to 29.

On it mark and name

– regional boundary

– Foot path

– main track (motorable)  

d)  i) Describe the distribution of the settlement of the area covered by the map.

 ii) Citing evidence from the map, explain two factors that may favour trading activities

in the area covered by the map.

5. MAPS AND MAP WORK ANSWERS

1.  a i) – Kisumu east 116/2

• Muhoroni 117/1
• Lumbwa 117/2
• Nyakach 116/4
• Kericho 117/4
• Kisii 130/2
• Chemagel 131/1
• Chapatarakwa 131/2

b i)  – Presence of tea plantation-tea grows under heavy amount of rainfall  

– Presence of forest cover

– presence of permanent river

b ii) – R. Kibol

– Scrub vegetation

– Tea plantation

c i)

d i)  – the major river is R.yurith

– river are permanent

– the river are few

ii) – Farming  

– Forestry

– Mining

3. a) (i)- 0º20¹S35º¹91E

ii) – Power transmission line  

b i) – Trigonometrical station  

– Contours

– Hunhures e.g. along road in grid square 6867  

ii) – 3.9Km ± 0.1 (3.8km – 4.0km)  

iii) – 180 + 35 = 215º ±1º = (214º – 216º)

3. a)

 ii) VE = ^VS/_HS = ¹/₈₀₀₀/¹/₅₀₀₀₀ = ¹/₈₀₀₀ x ⁵⁰⁰⁰⁰/₁

4.   a i)  – north west√√

ii)  – 000º/360º√√  

 iii) – trigonometrical station: secondary√

  – trigonometrical station :other√

iv) full squares=28  

½ squares=26x ½ =13

41x1000m=41,000metres√√

b iii)  V.E=VS

GS

= 1

10,000

1

50,000

= 1 X 50,000

10,000 = 5√  

c).

c.

5.  a) X – Savanna grass land

  Y – Tropical rain forest

b)  – Has very low temperature

– Thin soils and bare rock

– Soil is permafrost

c)- Mt.Kenya  

6.   a i)  – 2020m  

ii) 15′ (35^o00′ to 35^o15′)

iii) 36.0km² (35 to 37km²)

iv) 28755548

. b i) & ii)

iii) New scale = map scale x scale factor of reduction

= ¹/ _500mx ½ = ¹/₁₀₀₀₀₀= 1: 100000

c) – The forestal area has few/no all weather roads because it is reserved for the

growing of trees

– The all weather roads avoid high hills/steep slopes because construction on/along steep slopes is difficult for example the road from Maraboi through Tamungo to Marumbasi detours to avoid steep slopes and hills.

– The roads avoid swamps because of their water-logged conditions for example the road from Ainaboi through kabionga to Kiptula avoids the papyrus swamp

– the roads avoid river valleys and only crosses them unavoidable

– the roads are constructed on gentle slopes as it is easier to construct them as seen by

the construction of roads on the gentler slopes to the East and no all weather roads

on the ridge east of river Sondo

– All weather roads are constructed on ridges/spurs/water sheds due to the gentleness of

the slopes for example the road from Maragwa to Maraboi/the road from Ainabkoi

to Kerenga

d i) – Cool temperature as evidenced by the high relief – over 1700metres makes the area

suitable for growing of tea bushes.

– The gentle/indulating slopes as evidenced by widely spread contours allows for proper

drainage of soils/mechanization making it ideal for tea farming.

-The high rainfall as evidenced by forest vegetation/many permanent rivers originating from the area which is suitable for ea growing

– Presence of labor as seen by the fairly dense settlement/labour lines to work in the

tea farms

– Transport is avoidable as seen by all weather roads for transportation of tea from the

farms/transportation of labour

d ii) Coffee evidence coffee mill in grid square 2347

7.   a i) 1: 50,000  

10000cm represent 1 km

= 50,000 = 0.5

100000

1 centimeter represents 0.5 kilometers

ii)  – 35^o00¹ – 35^o15E

iii)  – 120^o + 1^o

. b) – Wood land

– Riverine trees

– Papyrus

– Scattered trees

– Scrub

c ii) – River Sondo is the main river

– River Yurith flows S. westwards

– Papyrus swamp present to the north and south

– Yurith river has meanders

– Rivers are permanent

– Most rivers show a dendritic pattern

– Dams in grid square 4349 and 4954

d) – Shops and trading centre  

– Presence of roads foot paths

– Dense settlements provide market

– Police post for security

8.  a i) -Rift valley  

-Nyanza

ii) -south west direction

iv) 420557

b i) – 4.00km=0.1(3.9 to4.1)km

ii) -use of place names

-grid reference

-compass direction  

iii) -forest

-woodland

-scrubs

-riverine trees

-papyrus swamp  

iv) -Tea growing-evidenced by tea factory/tea estates

-live stocks keeping-evidence by veterinary livestock centre

-cereal crops growing-evidenced by posho mill

(c)-Gentle have dense settlement due to gentle gradient which encourages settlement as

evidence by spaced contours.

-Relatively flat areas have little or no settlement due to pour drainage as evidenced by papyrus swamp

-Areas with steep slopes in the western area hear Kebenet have few settlements as evidence by closely spaced contours

-There has dense settlements due to fertile soil as evidenced by the growing of tea in estates

(d) -there are several permanent rivers in the area

-rivers Sondu and Yurith are the major rivers in the area

-rivers with their tributaries for dendritic drainage pattern

-there is a seasonal swamp in grid square 3656

-in the west, rivers flow north-west wards in the south they flow westwards

-there are fewer rivers in the north than in the south-

9.  a i)  – topographical map.

ii) – Contours  

– Trigonometrical stations.

b i) 1.3 cm 1 km 100000 cm  

1 km = 100,000 cm  13 cm 1cm X 100000  = 0.000013km

13

ii)  – Tea. Evidence by changoi tea factory and tea nursery.

– Coffee, evidence by coffee mill

c i)  – The plains are densely settled as the land is flat/gentle land.  

– The basins have been avoided as they land is water logged/flooded/swampy.

– Steep slope/escarpment have been avoided because they are unstable for construction of houses/for farming.

– There are few settlement on hilly areas because slopes are gentle.

ii)  – Education/schooling evidenced by Gekonge school, Matongo school, Cheboan school,

Kakibei school e.t.c

– Trading evidenced by Health centres, Dispensaries

– Social work evidence by labour lines.

– Transportation evidence by murram, Dry –weather roads.

– Road

– River

– Forest

10.  a i)    3500¹ – 3515¹

ii)  Map scale 1:50000 i.e. 1cm represents 50000 cm

50000cm = 50000

100000 km

 = 0.5km/ ½ km

 Statement scale is 1cm represents 0.5km/ ½ km

iii)   Contours  

Trigonometrically stations

b iii) VE = VS

HS

 = ^1/2000/ _1/50000

 = 50000 x 1

1 2000

= 25

11 . (a) – The drainage consists of rivers papyrus swamps, ponds and lakes

– River Yurith is the main river

– River Yurith generally flow West wards

– The river has many meanders

– River Yurith has two main- tributaries Itare and Kitoi

– The area covered by the map are numerous

– River Yurith has many tributaries that form a dendrific pattern along the course

– The river yurith is Permanent River

– There are many disappearing rivers

b)

c) – Employment to people work there is provided.

– Facilitates agriculture in the regions around.

– Processing of tea, ready for use.

– Transportation of people evidence by all weather road e.t.c

d)- Presence of tea that requires high rainfall.

– Forest

– Many permanent rivers.

– Presence of many factories that use a lot of water.

12.   a i) Topographical.  

ii) 24 54

iii) Calculate the area enclosed by Kendu Kisii. All weather roads bound to the West

of the map.

  7.5 km² = (7.00 – 8.00 km²).

iv)   – Education – evidence school.  

– Medical care – evidence hospital.

– Administration – evidence Chief’s Camp, DC’s, D.O’s office.

– Recreation.

b) ii) Vertical scale

Horizontal scale

= 1 x 50,000  = 1

20   1     5,000

 V.S = 2500

c)  – There are several permanent rivers like Itare and Kitoi.  

– River Yurith is the main river.

– Rivers flow from North Eastern to North Western.

– There is a swamp / tree swamp around Kabiaga farm.

– Rivers form dendritic pattern

d) – The scrub vegetation shows availability of pasture for cattle.  

 – The many rivers (like R. Yurith, Itare and Kitoi) in the area shows that there is adequate

water for cattle.

– The high altitude of above 1800m above the sea level indicate cool conditions ideal for

cattle keeping.

13.  a i) 020º

ii) 556711

iii) map scale 1:50,000

1 cm rep 50,000cm

  50,000=50,000√1

100,000

=0.5 Statement scale is 1cm rep 0.5km/ ½ km

iv) 0º 19’S 35º 18’E  

v) -contours  

  -trigonometrically stations/pillars

b i) -education-school/college

-recreational-club/race course

-Health-hospital

. b ii) – tea growing –tea estate/tea factory  

– Trading-shop/markets

– Transportation-all weather roads/dry weather roads, murram roads

– Quarrying-quarry

d) -the main river is tugenon

  -There are many permanent rivers

-River Kipkwes and its tributan’s form Dendntic drainage pattern

-River north of northing 69 flow generally towards the north

-River south of northing 60 flow towards west/south west

14.  a)- Rift Valley province   – Nyanza province

b i)

ii) V.E = ^VS/_HS = ¹/_50m = ¹/_50000cm

VE = 10  2  

iv) – Topographical

15.  a i) i)  – 402488  

ii) – 7.1 ± 0.1 Km

iii) – LUMBWA

. b i) – 3500¹E to 3515¹E

ii) – 1844 – 1847 m

. c i) – The southern part of the area covered by the mp is well drained as evidenced by

presence of many permanent rivers

 – The main river is Yurith that flows South Western wards

 – There is a seasonal swamp in the northern part of the area covered by the map

 – There are several dams along river Kitoi

 – River Sondo and its tributaries form dentric drainage pattern

 – River Kitoi and Kimugung re in their youthful stages

ii)

d i) )   – Steep slopes e.g. along the escarpment have been avoided. There are more

settlement on gently sloping regions

• Forested areas e.g. to the south eastern part of the map have been avoided
• Swampy areas have no settlement
• Plantation forms have no settlement inside, people tend to settle around the forms
• There are linear settlements along all weather road loose surface especially in the north eastern part of the area covered by the map

d ii) – Presence of well developed transport network in the area ensures movement of goods

and Services

– Presence of scattered houses in the area ensures there is market provided by those in

the houses

– Tea factories and tea plantation farms is likely indication that people are employed in

the area and therefore have better living standards