1ST TERM JSS1 PHYSICAL HEALTH EDUCATION Scheme of Work and Note

FIRST TERM E-LEARNING NOTE

SUBJECT: P.H.E CLASS J.S.S.1

WEEKS TOPICS

1. Meaning and Purpose of Physical Education
2. Physical Fitness and Body Conditioning Programmes
3. Characteristics of a Physically fit person
4. Exercise to develop strength, Endurance and Flexibility
5. Safety Precaution while Performing Exercises
6. Personal, School and Community Health

1. & 8 Meaning of Sewage and Refuse
   1. Methods of Sewage and Refuse Disposal
   2. Sources of Water Supply
   1. & 12 Revision and Examination

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Essential of Physical and Health Education for J.S.S 1
2. Physical and Health Education Handbook for JSS 1

 WEEK 1 Date………………………..

TOPIC: Meaning and purpose of Physical Education

CONTENT: Definition of Physical Education

Physical Education can be defined as an important part of general education which helps to develop the body. It is an education that we acquire through the body. In other words, it is the process of educating the body through carefully selected, well planned and programmed physical activities. It is an all round development.

The Purposes/Aims/Objectives of Physical Education

• To develop physical fitness
• To develop the habit of sportsmanship.
• To develop skills.
• Physical education serves as a career.
• To eliminate boredom and reduce tension
• To provide fun and enjoyment.
• To interchange our day-to-day activities.
• To develop both mental and social ability.
• To develop emotional stability
• To create room for leisure time.

Physical education is the education that is concerned with the physical development of a person but it does not develop the body alone.It also develops other areas of human life. Physical education is a lifelong education i.e. it starts from conception till death. It is all-embracing (for old and young) because good health is essential to all.

Areas that are Developed by Physical Education are:

• The Physical Aspect: Which is the development of the muscles of the legs, arms, abdomen, and organic vigour which is otherwise called physical fitness?
• The metal Aspect: which is otherwise called intellectual development through physical activities
• The Social Aspect: Which is developed through group activities and relationship among others where behaviours that are acceptable in the society are cultivated.
• The Emotional Aspect: Which is the state of the mind and reaction to situations and change around.

EVALUATION QUESTIONS

1. What is Physical Education?
2. Mention five (5) purpose of Physical Education

READING ASSIGNMENT

Read pages 79 – 82 of Essentials of Physical and Health Education for JSS 1 BK 1

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

1. Physical Education develops one of the following areas except A. Physical aspect B. Mental aspect C. Spiritual aspect D. Emotional aspect
2. Physical Education is an education that use acquire through the _________ A. long life B. enjoyment C. sleeping D. body
3. The aspect of physical education that develops muscles of the legs, arms and abdomen is called __________ A. emotional aspect B. physical aspect C. mental aspect D. social aspect
4. An area of physical education that is concerned with intellectual development is called ______ A. spiritual aspect B. physical aspect C. emotional aspect D. mental aspect
5. The following are purpose/objectives of physical education except __________ A. to develop skills B. to provide fun and enjoyment C. to develop violence D. to create room for leisure time

THEORY

1. List four aspects that are developed by physical education
2. Explain in details the four aspects

WEEK 2  Date………………………..

TOPIC: Physical Fitness and Body Conditioning Programmes

CONTENT:

What is Physical Fitness?

Physical Fitness is the ability of an individual to perform or carry out his/her daily activities without feeling too tired and still have reserved energy.

Importance of Physical Fitness

• It promote blood circulation.
• It improves stamina.
• It helps to control obesity.
• It promotes sense of well-being.
• The speed of recovery from illness is enhanced.
• It adds to aesthetic value of the body.
• It prevents both major and minor illnesses.

Components of Physical Fitness

There are two groups of physical fitness components:

1. The Health Related Components: are directly related and affect the health of an individual. They are essential for survival regardless of a person’s sex, age, religion or occupation.

These include:

• Muscular Strength
• Muscular Endurance
• Cardio-vascular Respiratory Endurance
• Flexibility

   

1. Performance Related Components: are essential for skills performance. They are regarded as additional to health related components.

These include:

• Muscular Power
• Speed
• Agility
• Accuracy
• Balance
• Body Composition

Body Conditioning

It is easy to maintain physical fitness and the body conditioning through adequate participation in regular well planned graded and supervised physical activities. These are called body conditioning activities.

EVALUATION QUESTIONS

1. Explain the term physical fitness
2. Write out five importance of physical fitness

READING ASSIGNMENT

Read pages 83 – 84 of Essentials of Physical and Health Education for JSS 1 Bk 1

GENERAL EVALUATION/REVISION QUESTIONS

1. What is Physical Fitness?
2. List five Importance of Physical Fitness
3. Mention four Health Related Components of Physical Fitness
4. Write out four Performance Related Components Physical Fitness

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

1. The ability of an invidiual to perform his daily task is called ___________ A. spiritual fitness B. physical fitness C. all-round fitness D. special fitness
2. The following are performance related component of physical fitness except _________ A. Agility B. Speed C. Agile D. Coordination
3. The health related component of physical fitness are as follows except __________ A. Muscular strength B. Muscular endurance C. flexibility D. Coordination
4. One of the importance of physical fitness is ___________ A. it promote blood circulation B. it improves discomfort C. it improves sense of well-being D. it adds to aesthetic value of the body
5. The ability to maintain stability at rest and during performance is called __________ A. speed B. Accury C. Agility D. Balance

THEORY

1. Explain health related components of physical fitness
2. Write out any seven performance related components of physical fitness

WEEK 3 Date……………………….

TOPIC: Physical Fitness

CONTENT:

Characteristics of a Physically Fit Person

Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well being and not the mere absence of diseases and infirmity. A person is said to be physically fit when he/she possesses certain attributes. He/she is said to be physically fit, if the well-being of such individual is in order.

What are the characteristics of a physically fit person?

1. A physically fit person must not get tired easily.
2. He/she must be agile.
3. He/she must not look dizzy.
4. He/she must be ready to take exercises.
5. He/she must be sound mentally.
6. He/she must have good health.

EVALUATION QUESTIONS

1. What is Health?
2. List five characteristics of a physically fit person.

READING ASSIGNMENT

Read pages 81-82 Essentials of Physical and Health Education for JSS 1 BK 1

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

1. A state of complete well-being of an individual is called ____________ A. balance B. comfort C. health D. speed
2. Physical fitness is one aspects of __________ A. mental fitness B. social fitness C. total fitness D. emotional fitness
3. Total fitness implies an all-round __________ A. body B. energy C. work D. fitness
4. Which of the following is not an example of an all-round fitness. A. Spiritual fitness B. Physical fitness C. Emotional fitness D. Social fitness
5. Health in otherword is ____________ A. right B. privilege C. wealth D. choice

THEORY

1. What is Physical Fitness?
2. Characteristics of Physical Fitness.

 WEEK 4  Dates……………….

TOPIC: Body Conditioning Programmes

CONTENT:

Exercise to Develop Strength, Endurance and Flexibility

Fitness Exercises

Physical fitness components can be developed in various ways, using designated exercises. These exercises primarily enhance the performance related and health related components of an individual athletes. The following exercises are methods that can be used to develop physical fitness components.

1. Circuit Training: involves a series of exercise, usually ten or less, that are performed in progressive manner. Different activity is performed at each of the ten stations on a time basis.
2. Interval Training: This involves repeated exercises, an increase of speed, the rest or recovery period. This is meant to develop cardiovascular endurance.
3. Weight Training: This involves the use of dumb – bells and bar bells to develop power, strength and muscular endurance.
4. Isometric Training:This are exercises where by muscles contract and build up tension and hold without any shortening or lengthening.
5. Callisthenic Exercises: Callisthenic exercises make the muscles contract so that they shorten to bring the ends together or the muscleslengthen so that the ends go away from the centre.
6. Weight Lifting:Weight lifting involves lifting of weight and it involves few repetitions.

EVALUATION QUESTIONS

1. What is circuit training?
2. Explain the term interval training

READING ASSIGNMENT

Read pages 72 Essentials of Physical and Health Education for JSS 1 BK 1

GENERAL EVALUATION/REVISION QUESTIONS

1. What is Isometric Training?
2. Define the term CallisthenicExercises
3. Explain the term Circuit Training
4. What is Interval Training?

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

1. Training that involves a series of exercises usually ten or less is called ____________ A. weight training B. interval training C. circuit training D. isometric training
2. Which of the following involves the use of dumb-bells? A. Weight training B. Weight lifting C. Isometric training D. Circuit training
3. The ability of an individual to move quickly in different directions is called __________ A. speed B. balance C. agility D. power
4. Components of physical fitness can be divided into ____________ A. three B. four C. five D. two
5. Diseases, deformities does not make an individual to be __________ A. serious B. physically fit C. human D. none of the above

THEORY

1. Draw out the stations involve in circuit training alongside with different exercises
2. What is physical fitness?

 WEEK 5 Date………………….

TOPIC: Safety Precaution while Performing Exercises

CONTENT: What is Safety?

Safety can be defined as freedom from hazards. Freedom from hazards can only be achieved if these hazards are identified and removed.

Safety Precaution while Performing Exercise

1. Be knowledgeable of what to do
2. Try to be accident conscious by removing all hazards from immediate environment
3. Have adequate warm-up before performing
4. Follow the coaching points.
5. Never expose self to dangerous environment
6. Proceed from simple to complex activities.
7. Be sure of spotter before performing.
8. Always wear the correct costumes (sports wears)
9. Inspect your equipment and be sure they are not faulty
10. Perform activities within one’s ability/capability
11. Activities should stop when fatigue sets in
12. Avoid prolonged activities (too long exercise)
13. Correct matching of partners (same weight and height)
14. Playing area should be properly lighted
15. Avoid the use of ornaments e.g. rings, neck, chain, earrings.
16. Exercises should not be carried out immediately after meal.

EVALUATION QUESTIONS

1. What is Safety?
2. Mention five safety precaution while performing exercises

READING ASSIGNMENT

Read pages 69-70 of Essentials of Physical and Health Education for JSS 2 Bk 2

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

1. Safety simply means ______________ A. Freedom from death B. Freedom from trouble C. Freedom from hazards D. None of the above
2. Always follow the coaching ___________ A. coach B. instructor C. point D. none of the above
3. Proceed from simple to ___________ activities A. difficult B. higher C. complex D. simple
4. Perform activities within one’s __________ A. ability B. capability C. strength D. all of the above
5. Avoid prolonged activities simply means ____________ A. Too short exercise B. Too near exercise C. Too long exercise D. All of the above

THEORY

1. Explain the term safety
2. List any seven safety precaution measures

 WEEK 6 Date………………………….

TOPIC: Personal, School and Community Health

CONTENT:

Personal and School Health

Personal Cleanliness is the ability of an individual to take proper care of his/her body, clothes and the immediate environment.

The issue of personal health cannot be undermined.

School Health

The school health is an integral part of community health, but it mainly refers to all the health activities and measures that are carried out within the community to promote and protect the health of children of school. These activities may take place both within and outside the school compound.

Components of School Health Programme

A school health programme has been conveniently divided into four interrelated areas:

• Healthful School Environment
• Health Services
• School Health Education
• School Community Relationship

1. Healthful School Environment: This is the measures provided at the school to ensure the health and safety of the children and staff. The measures include the provision of a health physical environment.
2. School Health Services: This is concerned with people’s health behaviours towards common diseases and other health problems as well as with educational processes used to bring about positive health behaviours.
3. School Health Education: health education, as an integral part of health programmes is the aggregate of all educational processes or methods designed to help in the achievement of the goals and objectives of health programmes. The goal of health education is health practice or action and opportunities in the areas of health protection and health promotion.
4. School Community Relationship: is concerned with all the scientific measures for improving the quality of life so that people may enjoy long life and maximal productivity to the best of their abilities. They also include the provision of health related facilities in the community such as portable water supply, sanitary disposal of refuse and excreta, prevention of pollution of water, food and air the provision of hygienic houses and prevention of noise.

EVALAUTION QUESTIONS

1. What is personal cleanliness?
2. Explain the term school health

GENERAL EVALUATION/REVISION QUESTIONS

1. Define health school environment
2. Explain the term school health education
3. What is personal cleanliness

READING ASSIGNMENT

Read pages 75-76 of Essentials of Physical and Health Education for JSS 1 BK 1.

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

1. Personal cleanliness is the ability of an individual to take care of his/her __________ A. clothes B. environment C. body D. all of the above
2. School health is an integral part of _________ A. office health B. community health C. mental health D. physical health
3. One of these is a component of school health programme. A. Currable services B. External services C. Health services D. None of the above
4. Component of school health programme that include the provision of a healthy physical environment is called ____________ A. Healthful School Environment B. Health Services C. School Health Education D. All of the above
5. School Community Relationship also include the provision of health related facilities such as __________ A. prevention of noise B. portable water supply C. sanitary disposal of refuse D. all of the above

THEORY

1. What is School Community Relationship?
2. Explain the term School Health

 WEEK 7 & 8  Date………………………..

TOPIC: Meaning of Sewage and Refuse

CONTENT: Waste Disposal

Waste disposal is the collection, processing and recycling of the waste materials of human society. The term ‘waste’ covers both solid waste/refuse and sewage.

What is Sewage?

Sewage primarily means liquid wastes emanating from domestic, industrials and commercial effluents. Sewage is the mixture of waste from human body and used water that is carried out of houses by sewers.

The process of sewage is necessary so as to control the spread of water and food borne diseases. It serves as a barrier that can isolate disease causing organisms (pathogens) in faeces and urine, thereby preventing them from spreading.

Sewage disposal is highly essential because it determines the atmospheric condition of an environment and as such, it must be given proper attention so as to prevent diseases such as cholera, dysentery etc.

Types of Sewage

• Domestic Sewage
• Industrial Sewage
• Storm Sewage

EVALUATION QUESTIONS

1. Explain the term waste disposal
2. What is sewage?

What is Refuse?

Refuse is a solid waste materials emanating from various activities of human being combustible.

The process of doing away with dirt generated by people living in a particular environment is called refuse disposal.

This must be done in such a way that it will not constitute nuisance to the society, thereby causing health hazards.

READING ASSIGNMENT

Read pages 75-76 of Essentials of Physical and Health Education for JSS 1 BK 1

GENERAL EVALUATION/REVISION QUESTIONS

1. Mention the three types of sewage.
2. Define the term refuse.
3. What is sewage?

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

1. Sewage disposal prevent diseases such as __________ A. cataract B. myopia C. glaucoma D. cholera
2. The following are types of sewage except __________ A. marine B. domestic C. industrial D. storm
3. Refuse is a ____________ materials A. solid waste B. liquid waste C. major waste D. all of the above
4. The disease causing organism is called _________ A. insects B. pathogens C. amoeba D. pathology
5. Sewage primarily means __________ A. liquid waste B. solid waste C. minor waste D. none of the above

THEORY

1. Mention the three types of sewage
2. What is sanitation?

 WEEK 9 Date………………………

TOPIC: Sewage and Refuse Disposal

CONTENT: Methods of Sewage and Refuse Disposal

Common Methods of Sewage Disposal

1. Water carriage system
2. Open dumps
3. Latrine

Types of Latrine

• Bucket Latrine
• Pit hole Latrine
• Septic Tank
• Trench Latrine
• Borehole Latrine

1. Water Carriage System: This is the most efficient, effective and hygienic method of disposing sewage. This system is used in the urban areas of most developed countries and some developing countries. In water-carriage system, faeces and urine are deposited in a water closet and then flushed with clean water.
2. Open Dumps: Open dumps are easy way of sewage disposal. Open dumps, produce unpleasant smells and are unsanitary as the dumps harbor and serve as a breeding space for vectors, diseases and illnesses.
3. Latrine:is used to dispose human faeces and urine. It is simply a hole dug in the ground. A latrine is a hygienic method of sewage disposal as it does not involve direct handling of human wastes.

Some Methods of Refuse Disposal

• Sanitary Land fill: an excavated or land depression area is needed wherein refuse garbage are thrown and covered up with soil or dust.
• Incineration: there are modern and local ones and are of different types. In this case, refuse are deposited inside a house like facility and the materials are burnt with oil, coal or gas serving as fuel.
• Open dumps: Refuse dumps are easy way of refuse disposal. Open dump, produce unpleasant smells and are unsanitary as the dumps harbor and serve as a breeding space for vectors, diseases and illnesses.
• Compositing: is achieved when materials that can be decomposed are separated from non-decompositing one.
• Refuse Bins: The refuse is collected from these bins regularly by refuse lorries or trucks and later disposed of by burning in incinerators.
• Hog feeding.

EVALUATION QUESTIONS

1. Explain the water carriage system
2. Mention five types of latrine

READING ASSIGNMENT

Read pages 77-78 of Essentials of Physical and Health Education JSS 1 BK 1

GENERAL EVALUATION/REVISION QUESTIONS

1. What is compositing?
2. Define sanitary land fill
3. Explain the term incineration

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

1. The following are methods of sewage disposal except ___________ A. Incineration B. Water system C. Latrine D Septic tank
2. One of the following is a type of latrine A. bucket latrine B. bowl latrine C. drum latrine D. none of the above
3. A type of refuse collection into the bins is called ____________ A. sewage bin B. car bin C. fuel bin D. refuse bin
4. Which of these is not a method of refuse disposal? A. incineration B. Open dumps C. Compositing D. Water system
5. Refuse simply means __________ A. liquid waste B. solid waste C. animal waste D. marine waste

THEORY

1. List out five types of latrine
2. Write out any five methods of refuse disposal

 WEEEK 10 Date………………..

TOPIC: Sources of Water Supply

CONTENT: Water Supply

The body system contains approximately 75% of water. Most of the food we take comprises water. It helps the flow of blood, prevents dehydration, regulates body temperature and helps in eliminating body waste. It is needed in agriculture, sports, industry, domestic affairs, recreation, transportation, researches and many other aspects of life.

The two major sources of water to man are: –

• Surface water supplies
  
• Ground water supplies
  

Surface Water Supplies: are abundant, easily accessible – they includes:

• Rain water
• River water
• Lakes, ponds and streams

Ground Water Supplies: Include the following

• Well: – there are two types of well
  • Shallow
  • Deep

Qualities of Good Water Supply

• A good water must be odourless.
• It must be tasteless.
• It must be colourless.
• It must be free from pathogens.
• It must contain acceptable mineral composition.

Uses of Water

• Water is used for drinking.
  
• It is used for bathing.
  
• Water is used for cooking.
  
• It is used for washing of clothes.
  
• It is used for cleaning and flushing of toilet.
  
• It is used as a means of transportation.
  
• It is used for transporting activities e.g. swimming, water polo etc.
  

Treatment of Water Before Supply

1. Undesirable taste and odour are removed from the water by aeration.
2. Bacterials are destroyed by the addition of chlorine.
3. The taste of chlorine is then removed with sodium sulphites.
4. Excessive hardness of water, is reduced by the addition of slake.

EVALUATION QUESTIONS

1. Name the two major sources of water to man
2. Mention five qualities of good water supply

READING ASSIGNMENT

Read pages 78 of Essentials of physical and Health Education JSS 1 BK1

GENERAL EVALUATION/REVISION QUESTIONS

1. Mention any three (3) treatment of water before supply.
2. List five uses of water
3. Explain how water is needed in agriculture.

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

1. Most of the food we take comprises ___________ A. life B. blood C. water D. good
2. Water is needed in the following areas except __________ A. transportation B. ocean C. agriculture D. domestic affairs
3. One of these is not a qualities of a good water A. free from pathogens B. must be colourful C. must be tasteless D. must be odourless
4. Which of the following water is used for? A. Drinking B. Bathing C. Cooking D. All of the above
5. Rain water is under which sources of water supply? A. Surface water B. Ground water C. Middle water D. None of the above

THEORY

1. Mention the two types of well.
2. List out seven uses of water.